A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells.
A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.74036
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发表时间：
2022-01-25
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
McGrew MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu T;Taylor L;Sherman A;Keambou Tiambo C;Kemp SJ;Whitelaw B;Hawken RJ;Djikeng A;McGrew MJ
鸡是小农的重要资源，他们饲养适合当地的、基因独特的鸡种，用于蛋和肉。开发有效的生殖技术来保护和再生鸡品种，可以保护现有的生物多样性，并确保家禽遗传资源的气候适应能力，生物安全和未来的粮食生产。在1600多个鸡品种中，大多数是在低收入和中低收入国家的资源有限的小规模生产系统下饲养的，这就需要一种低技术、低成本的保护多样性的方法。在这里，我们验证了一个简单的生物库技术，使用冷冻保存的鸡胚性腺。迅速分离性腺，目测性别，按性别合并，并冷冻保存。随后，将储存的材料解冻并解离，然后注射到无菌宿主鸡胚中。通过使用合并的GFP和RFP标记的供体性腺细胞和Sire Dam代理交配，我们证明了小鸡完全来自男性和女性供体生殖细胞孵化。这项技术将使目前为商业和小农保护鸡遗传多样性的努力成为可能，并保护家禽研究设施中的现有遗传资源。
Chickens are an important resource for smallholder farmers who raise locally adapted, genetically distinct breeds for eggs and meat. The development of efficient reproductive technologies to conserve and regenerate chicken breeds safeguards existing biodiversity and secures poultry genetic resources for climate resilience, biosecurity, and future food production. The majority of the over 1600 breeds of chicken are raised in low and lower to middle income countries under resource-limited, small-scale production systems, which necessitates a low-tech, cost-effective means of conserving diversity is needed. Here, we validate a simple biobanking technique using cryopreserved embryonic chicken gonads. The gonads are quickly isolated, visually sexed, pooled by sex, and cryopreserved. Subsequently, the stored material is thawed and dissociated before injection into sterile host chicken embryos. By using pooled GFP and RFP-labelled donor gonadal cells and Sire Dam Surrogate mating, we demonstrate that chicks deriving entirely from male and female donor germ cells are hatched. This technology will enable ongoing efforts to conserve chicken genetic diversity for both commercial and smallholder farmers, and to preserve existing genetic resources at poultry research facilities.