Greetings promote cooperation and reinforce social bonds among spotted hyaenas
Greetings promote cooperation and reinforce social bonds among spotted hyaenas
复制标题
问候促进斑点鬣狗之间的合作并加强社会联系
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.11.007
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
K. Holekamp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennifer E. Smith;Katherine S. Powning;S. Dawes;J. Estrada;Adrienne L. Hopper;S. Piotrowski;K. Holekamp
以裂变-聚变动力学为特征的社会由规模和组成经常变化的亚群组成。尽管这种灵活的生活方式允许个人减少利益冲突，但它同时给经常遭受长期分离的群体成员带来了一系列独特的挑战。理论预测，动物应该进化出仪式化和冒险的表现，以便在团聚时快速更新关系。在这里，我们研究了成年雌性斑点鬣狗（Crocuta crocuta）中不和解的问候的功能，它们属于肯尼亚一个单一的、以女性为主的大型社会群体。我们测试了三个假设来解释这些多模式信号的发生：正式提交、减轻紧张和社会联系假设。与正式提交假设的预测相反，排名距离和相对排名被排除在我们预测成年女性问候的最佳模型之外。此外，与二元竞争互动期间的顺从行为（0.97）相比，问候的方向一致性较低（0.65）。相反，我们的数据显示，成年女性最常有机会向联盟伙伴和亲密伙伴（包括亲属）打招呼，而且她们在中立的环境中这样做的频率比在社会紧张的情况下更频繁。尽管这些发现与紧张减轻和正式服从假设的预测直接相反，但它们强烈支持社会联系假设。重要的是，立即的问候行为促进了群体内和群体间联盟形成过程中盟友之间的合作。因此，这些危险的多模式信号使鬣狗能够在不断变化的社会环境中有效地传达合作关系。
Societies characterized by fission–fusion dynamics consist of subgroups that frequently change in size and composition. Although this flexible lifestyle permits individuals to reduce conflicts of interest, it simultaneously imposes a unique set of challenges on group members that are regularly subject to prolonged separation. Theory predicts animals should evolve ritualized and risky displays to quickly update relationships at reunions. Here we investigated the function of nonconciliatory greetings among adult female spotted hyaenas, Crocuta crocuta, belonging to a single, large female-dominated social group in Kenya. We tested three hypotheses forwarded to explain the occurrence of these multimodal signals: formal submission, tension reduction and social bonding hypotheses. In contrast to predictions of the formal submission hypothesis, rank distance and relative rank were excluded from our best model predicting greetings among adult females. Moreover, directional consistency of greetings was low (0.65) compared to that of submissive behaviours during dyadic agonistic interactions (0.97). Instead, our data revealed that adult females greeted coalition partners and close associates, including kin, most often per opportunity, and they did so in neutral contexts more frequently than in situations characterized by social tension. Although these findings are in direct contrast to the predictions of the tension reduction and formal submission hypotheses, they strongly support the social bonding hypothesis. Importantly, the immediate act of greeting promoted cooperation among allies during intragroup and intergroup coalition formation. Thus, these risky, multimodal signals permit hyaenas to effectively communicate cooperative affiliations within a continuously shifting social milieu.
斑鬣狗（Crocuta crocuta）对嗅觉刺激的反应：II。
DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.116.4.342
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Drea,ChristineM;Vignieri,SachaN;Kim,HSharon;Weldele,MaryL;Glickman,StephenE
通讯作者：
Glickman,StephenE