Translational neuroscience measures of fear conditioning across development: applications to high-risk children and adolescents.
Translational neuroscience measures of fear conditioning across development: applications to high-risk children and adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1186/2045-5380-3-17
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gamwell KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jovanovic T;Nylocks KM;Gamwell KL
包括焦虑在内的几种精神疾病可以在发育过程中表现出来，在儿童后期发病。了解焦虑风险的神经生物学基础对于早期预防和干预方法至关重要。转化神经科学提供了在人类和动物模型中研究这种机制的工具。目前的综述描述了来自神经科学的范式，如恐惧条件反射和灭绝，并概述了在动物和人类发展过程中使用这些范式的研究。综述还简要讨论了相关神经回路的发展轨迹和临床焦虑的出现。未来的研究应该集中在这些范式的发展变化，密切关注与儿童和青春期相关的神经生物学和激素的变化。
Several mental illnesses, including anxiety, can manifest during development, with onsets in late childhood. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of risk for anxiety is of crucial importance for early prevention and intervention approaches. Translational neuroscience offers tools to investigate such mechanisms in human and animal models. The current review describes paradigms derived from neuroscience, such as fear conditioning and extinction and overviews studies that have used these paradigms in animals and humans across development. The review also briefly discusses developmental trajectories of the relevant neural circuits and the emergence of clinical anxiety. Future studies should focus on developmental changes in these paradigms, paying close attention to neurobiological and hormonal changes associated with childhood and adolescence.