Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution
Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-14198-8
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发表时间：
2020-03-05
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Holt, Matthew G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Batiuk, Mykhailo Y.;Martirosyan, Araks;Holt, Matthew G.
星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中的一种主要细胞类型，在突触形成和突触传递、血脑屏障形成、血流调节以及其他脑常驻细胞的代谢支持等方面具有普遍作用。至关重要的是，新出现的证据显示了特定的适应和星形胶质细胞编码的功能在脊髓和小脑等区域。为了研究前脑区域星形胶质细胞分子多样性的真实程度，我们使用了单细胞RNA测序。我们的分析确定了成年小鼠皮层和海马中五种转录组学上不同的星形胶质细胞亚型。我们的原位数据验证揭示了定义亚型的不同空间定位，反映了形态和生理上不同的星形胶质细胞群体的分布。我们的发现是大脑区域之间和内部特化星形胶质细胞亚型的证据。这些数据可通过在线数据库（https://holt-sc.glialab.org/）获得，为探索大脑中局部星形胶质细胞的多样性和功能提供了资源。星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的主要细胞类型。利用单细胞转录组测序，作者在成年小鼠中枢神经系统中鉴定出多种星形胶质细胞亚型，它们映射到不同的空间位置，并显示出与细胞形态和生理的相关性。
Astrocytes, a major cell type found throughout the central nervous system, have general roles in the modulation of synapse formation and synaptic transmission, blood-brain barrier formation, and regulation of blood flow, as well as metabolic support of other brain resident cells. Crucially, emerging evidence shows specific adaptations and astrocyte-encoded functions in regions, such as the spinal cord and cerebellum. To investigate the true extent of astrocyte molecular diversity across forebrain regions, we used single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis identifies five transcriptomically distinct astrocyte subtypes in adult mouse cortex and hippocampus. Validation of our data in situ reveals distinct spatial positioning of defined subtypes, reflecting the distribution of morphologically and physiologically distinct astrocyte populations. Our findings are evidence for specialized astrocyte subtypes between and within brain regions. The data are available through an online database (https://holt-sc.glialab.org/), providing a resource on which to base explorations of local astrocyte diversity and function in the brain. Astrocytes are a major cell type in the central nervous system. Using single cell transcriptome sequencing, the authors identify multiple astrocyte subtypes in the adult mouse CNS, which map to distinct spatial locations and show correlations to cell morphology and physiology.