Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models
Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models
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DOI：
10.1016/s1463-5003(01)00013-0
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Yool, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dutay, J. -C.;Bullister, J. L.;Yool, A.
我们比较了参与海洋碳模型比对项目 (OCMIP) 的 13 个模型匹配观察到的 CFC-11 分布的能力。该分析描述了这些模型在与人为 CO(2) 吸收相关的时间尺度上对海洋进行通风的能力。我们发现模拟的全球库存存在很大差异（+/- 30%），这主要是由于高纬度地区的通风差异所致。在南大洋，模型的不同之处在于中间水中氟氯化碳吸收的纵向分布，而纬向分布主要受亚网格尺度参数化控制。具有等密度扩散和涡流引起的速度参数化的模型可产生更真实的中间水通风。不同型号的深水和底层水通风也有很大差异。与海冰模型耦合的模型系统地提供了更真实的 AABW 形成源区域；然而，如果不包括海冰形成过程中盐水排斥的具体参数化，这些相同的模型也会在很大程度上高估 AABW 通风。在北太平洋，所有模型都表现出对副热带环流温跃层中 CFC 吸收量的系统性大幅低估，而副极地环流中的观测结果没有发现系统性差异。在北大西洋，全球地下的氟氯化碳吸收量被低估。在深海中，除了伴随模型之外的所有模型都未能产生在北大西洋深水（NADW）中观察到的两个最近通风的分支。此外，除了等密度模型之外，西深边界流 (DWBC) 中的模拟输运都太慢，而等密度模型的输运速度太快。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
We compared the 13 models participating in the Ocean Carbon Model Intercomparison Project (OCMIP) with regards to their skill in matching observed distributions of CFC-11. This analysis characterizes the abilities of these models to ventilate the ocean on timescales relevant for anthropogenic CO(2) uptake. We found a large range in the modeled global inventory (+/- 30%), mainly due to differences in ventilation from the high latitudes. In the Southern Ocean, models differ particularly in the longitudinal distribution of the CFC uptake in the intermediate water, whereas the latitudinal distribution is mainly controlled by the subgrid-scale parameterization. Models with isopycnal diffusion and eddy-induced velocity parameterization produce more realistic intermediate water ventilation. Deep and bottom water ventilation also varies substantially between the models. Models coupled to a sea-ice model systematically provide more realistic AABW formation source region; however these same models also largely overestimate AABW ventilation if no specific parameterization of brine rejection during sea-ice formation is included. In the North Pacific Ocean, all models exhibit a systematic large underestimation of the CFC uptake in the thermocline of the subtropical gyre, while no systematic difference toward the observations is found in the subpolar gyre. In the North Atlantic Ocean, the CFC uptake is globally underestimated in subsurface. In the deep ocean, all but the adjoint model, failed to produce the two recently ventilated branches observed in the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). Furthermore, simulated transport in the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) is too sluggish in all but the isopycnal model, where it is too rapid. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.