Aircraft Distributed Electric Propulsion Technologies—A Review
Aircraft Distributed Electric Propulsion Technologies—A Review
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DOI：
10.1109/tte.2022.3197332
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
M. T. Fard;Jiangbiao He;Hao Huang;Yue Cao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. T. Fard;Jiangbiao He;Hao Huang;Yue Cao
全球交通已经转向电动汽车，以实现净零排放，在未来几十年，商用电动飞机很可能成为现实。这一转变已经通过现有的电动飞机(MEA)开始，最终目标可能通过混合动力和全电动客机实现，以及绿色燃料，如绿色氢气或超临界二氧化碳(SCO2)及其潜在的GG二氧化碳当量消除-无论是否燃烧。电力推进用由发动机旋转的发电机、发电机和储能的组合或只是储能的电动风扇来取代传统的喷气推进器。一个吸引人的想法是沿着机翼或机尾分布电动风扇，以改善空气动力学，提高能源效率，减少碳排放和噪音。本文以分布式电力推进(DEP)系统为重点，综述了飞机电气化的最新进展。研究了涡轮电动、混合动力和全电力推进三大类动力推进技术。虽然它们都使用电动风扇作为推进器，但它们的系统结构和发电阶段是不同的。因此，优化DEP系统设计需要综合考虑。从文献中提出的各种电气系统结构入手，对系统的参数规范、功率转换器的设计考虑、电力电子器件在低温条件下的特性以及各种储能系统进行了深入的综述。本综述旨在为航空领域的研究人员、工程师和政策制定者提供参考，以加快实现未来净零排放的进程。
Global transportation has shifted toward electromobility to achieve net-zero emission, and in the next few decades, commercial electric aircraft is likely to become a reality. This transition has embarked on through the existing more electric aircraft (MEA), and the ultimate goal will be potentially achieved by hybrid-electric and all-electric airliners, along with green fuels, such as green hydrogen or supercritical CO2 (sCO2) and its potential Gg CO2 equivalent elimination—with or without combustion. Electric propulsion replaces conventional jet propulsors with electric fans powered by electric generators rotated by an engine, a combination of generators and energy storage, or just energy storage. An appealing idea is to distribute the electric fans along the aircraft wings or tails to improve aerodynamics, boost energy efficiency, and reduce carbon emissions and acoustic noise. Focusing on distributed electric propulsion (DEP) systems, this article reviews the state-of-the-art advancements in aircraft electrification. Three major DEP categories, i.e., turboelectric, hybrid-electric, and all-electric propulsion technologies, are investigated. Although all of them utilize electric fans as propulsors, their system structures and power generation stages are different. Hence, comprehensive considerations are required to optimize the DEP system designs. Starting with the multifarious electrical system architectures proposed in the literature, a thorough review is conducted including the system parametric specifications, design considerations of power converters, the power electronics devices’ characteristics in cryogenic conditions, and various energy storage systems. This review aims to provide a reference to researchers, engineers, and policy-makers in aviation to accelerate the progress toward future net-zero emissions.