Exploring Different Carbon Allotrope Thermoplastic Composites for Electrochemical Sensing
Exploring Different Carbon Allotrope Thermoplastic Composites for Electrochemical Sensing
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DOI：
10.1021/acsapm.3c00349
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发表时间：
2023-05-10
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Patel，Bhavik A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hussain，Khalil K.;Shergill，Ricoveer Singh;Patel，Bhavik A.
复合电极是利用多种碳材料制作电极的一种有效且廉价的方法。最近，热塑性塑料被广泛用作制造碳复合电极的粘结剂，因为不同的制造方法，如三维(3D)打印，可以制造出高度可重复性的电极。然而，显然有必要了解不同的碳同素异形体材料在制成传感器时的电化学性能是如何变化的。采用多种电化学方法制备了含有炭黑、石墨、石墨烯、多壁碳纳米管和碳纤维的聚乳酸热塑性纤维。石墨/聚乳酸和石墨烯/聚乳酸电极表现出最好的电子转移动力学。石墨烯/聚乳酸电极测定5-羟色胺的灵敏度最高，检出限最低。CB/PLA最不容易受到5-羟色胺氧化副产物对电极的污染。采用3D打印技术将各种碳同素异形体材料制成复杂的形状，以评价打印件的批次均匀性。在所考察的所有材料中，与聚乳酸相比，CB/聚乳酸具有最好的分辨率和批次均匀度。总体而言，我们的研究强调了碳同素异形体的类型和碳量对碳热塑性电极的电化学性能有同样大的影响。这些发现将为设计广泛应用的电极时选择适当的碳热塑性复合材料提供重要的指导。
Composite electrodes are an effective and cheap way to utilize a wide range of carbon materials to make electrodes. More recently, thermoplastics have been widely used as the binder to make carbon composite electrodes, as varying fabrication approaches, such as three-dimensional (3D) printing, can make highly reproducible electrodes. However, there is a clear need to understand how the electrochemical performance of different carbon allotrope materials varies when made into sensors. We accessed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) thermoplastic filaments containing carbon black, graphite, graphene, multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and carbon fiber using various electrochemical techniques. Graphite/PLA and graphene/PLA electrodes showed the best electron transfer kinetics. Graphene/PLA electrodes had the greatest sensitivity and lowest limit of detection for the measurement of serotonin. CB/PLA was least prone to electrode fouling from oxidative by-product generated from the oxidation of serotonin. 3D printing was used to make various carbon allotrope materials into complex shapes to evaluate the batch uniformity of the printed parts. Of all the materials explored, CB/PLA had the best resolution and batch uniformity when compared with PLA. Overall, our study highlights that the type of carbon allotrope has as much influence as the amount of carbon on the electrochemical performance of carbon thermoplastic electrodes. These findings will provide significant guidance on the appropriate choice of carbon thermoplastic composite materials when designing electrodes for a wide range of applications.