Potential lethal and non-lethal effects of predators on dispersal of spider mites
Potential lethal and non-lethal effects of predators on dispersal of spider mites
复制标题
捕食者对红蜘蛛传播的潜在致命和非致命影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10493-014-9824-9
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yano S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otsuki H;Yano S
捕食者可以通过直接消耗或非致命性地使猎物犹豫分散来影响猎物分散。这些致命和非致命的影响是检测到的，只有在系统中，猎物可以分散在多个补丁。然而，大多数研究得出的结论，捕食螨抑制蜘蛛螨的能力，基于它们的相互作用的观察，在一个单一的补丁或严重侵害的寄主植物，蜘蛛螨很难分散到完整的补丁。在这些系统中，专业捕食螨穿透由叶螨产生的保护网，迅速抑制叶螨，而不能穿透网的通才捕食者则无效。通过使用一个连接的补丁系统，我们发现，一个多面手蚂蚁，Pristomyrmex punctatusMayr（膜翅目：蚁科），有效地防止分散的叶螨，叶螨kanzawaiKishida（阿卡里：叶螨科），通过直接消耗分散的个人。我们还发现，一个多面手捕食螨，Euseius sojaensisEhara（阿卡里：植绥螨科），阻止补丁之间的传播T。kanzawaibby使他们犹豫是否分散。相比之下，专家phytoseiid捕食性螨，新小绥螨womersleyiSchicha，允许蜘蛛螨逃离初始补丁，增加系统内的殖民补丁的数量。研究结果表明，蚂蚁和捕食螨在一定条件下能有效地抑制叶螨，在农业生态系统中作为保护性生物防治剂应受到更多的关注。
Predators can affect prey dispersal lethally by direct consumption or non-lethally by making prey hesitate to disperse. These lethal and non-lethal effects are detectable only in systems where prey can disperse between multiple patches. However, most studies have drawn their conclusions concerning the ability of predatory mites to suppress spider mites based on observations of their interactions on a single patch or on heavily infested host plants where spider mites could hardly disperse toward intact patches. In these systems, specialist predatory mites that penetrate protective webs produced by spider mites quickly suppress the spider mites, whereas generalist predators that cannot penetrate the webs were ineffective. By using a connected patch system, we revealed that a generalist ant,Pristomyrmex punctatusMayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), effectively prevented dispersal of spider mites,Tetranychus kanzawaiKishida (Acari: Tetranychidae), by directly consuming dispersing individuals. We also revealed that a generalist predatory mite,Euseius sojaensisEhara (Acari: Phytoseiidae), prevented between-patch dispersal ofT. kanzawaiby making them hesitate to disperse. In contrast, a specialist phytoseiid predatory mite,Neoseiulus womersleyiSchicha, allowed spider mites to escape an initial patch, increasing the number of colonized patches within the system. Our results suggest that ants and generalist predatory mites can effectively suppressTetranychusspecies under some conditions, and should receive more attention as agents for conservation biological control in agroecosystems.