Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogeny, and Expressional Profiles of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase (MAPKKK) Gene Family in Pyropia yezoensis
Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogeny, and Expressional Profiles of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase (MAPKKK) Gene Family in Pyropia yezoensis
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2020.00193
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发表时间：
2020-04-08
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mao, Yunxiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kong, Fanna;Cao, Min;Mao, Yunxiang
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）是MAPK级联反应的关键组分。条斑Pyropia yezoensis属于红藻门，是生长在日本和中国温带潮间带的重要大型水生植物。目前，人们对红藻中MAPKKK及其响应环境压力源的潜在调节机制知之甚少，特别是关于该基因家族如何保留其古老特征。本研究通过生物信息学分析，在条斑紫菜中鉴定出33个MAPKKK基因。系统发育分析将其分为Raf、MEKK和ZIK三大类，它们都含有保守的激酶基序，但变异较小。所有PyMAPKKK的内含子数目都很少，最多为3个。调控元件预测表明，顺式作用元件包括许多参与胁迫反应的基序。此外，PyMAPKKK在不同胁迫条件下的表达分析表明，许多PyMAPKKK基因参与了不同的信号转导途径，具有不同的表达模式。此外，16 PyMAPKKK基因的表达模式进行了验证，通过实时PCR分析。PyMAPKKK的相互作用网络的构建表明，大多数相互作用的蛋白质是丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶，MAPKs，和泛素结合蛋白。本研究为深入了解条斑紫菜MAPKKK家族的进化和功能提供了有益的信息。
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are pivotal components of MAPK cascades. Pyropia yezoensis, belonging to Rhodophyta, is an important macroalga growing in the intertidal zone of temperate Japan and China. At present, little is known about MAPKKKs and their potential regulatory mechanisms in response to environmental stressors in red algae, particularly with regard to how this gene family retained its ancient characteristics. In this study, we identified 33 MAPKKK genes in P. yezoensis by bioinformatics analysis. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into Raf, MEKK and ZIK groups, which contained conserved kinase motif with minor variations. The number of intron of all PyMAPKKK is few, up to 3. Regulatory elements prediction indicated that the cis-acting elements included many motifs involved in the stress response. Furthermore, expression analysis of PyMAPKKKs under different stress conditions revealed that numerous PyMAPKKK genes were involved in various signaling pathways with different expression patterns. Additionally, 16 PyMAPKKK genes were validated their expression patterns by Realtime-PCR analysis. An interactome network of PyMAPKKK was constructed to show that most of the interacting proteins were serine/threonine protein kinases, MAPKs, and ubiquitin-binding proteins. Our study provided helpful information for understanding the evolution and function of the MAPKKK family in P. yezoensis.