What's Driving Brazil-Japan Migration? The Making and Remaking of the Brazilian Niche in Japan
What's Driving Brazil-Japan Migration? The Making and Remaking of the Brazilian Niche in Japan
复制标题
是什么推动了巴西-日本移民？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-6781.2003.00041.x
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
K. Tanno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naoto Higuchi;K. Tanno
自20世纪80年代末以来，尽管20世纪90年代末经历了长期的经济衰退，但在日本的巴西裔人口一直在稳步增长。在本文中，我们将研究巴西人在日本不断增长的机制，重点关注他们融入日本劳动力市场的制度背景。在需求方面，巴西人在经济繁荣时期解决了严重的劳动力短缺问题，但长期的经济衰退和劳动力市场的临时工化使他们与日本女性和老年人等其他外围工人竞争。因此，自上世纪90年代末以来，巴西人一直在二级劳动力市场中被边缘化。在供给方面，招聘机构和劳务承包商建立了“及时”的劳务输送系统，在高度波动的劳动力市场上实现了“灵活的人员配置”。因此，对巴西工人的需求和供应仍在增加。对日裔巴西人来说，在日本工作的吸引力越来越小，但对他们来说却是一个更可行的选择，这推动了更多的人从巴西移民到日本。
: Since the late 1980s the Brazilian population in Japan has steadily increased, despite the long-term recession in the late 1990s. In this paper we will examine the mechanism of the constant increase of Brazilians in Japan, focusing on the institutional context of their incorporation into the Japanese labor market. On the demand side, Brazilians solved an acute labor shortage in the economic boom period, but long-term recession and casualization of the labor market made them compete with other peripheral workers such as Japanese women and the aged. Thus Brazilians have been marginalized within the secondary labor market since the late 1990s. On the supply side, recruiting agencies and labor contractors established a “just-in-time” labor delivery system, which enabled “flexible staffing” in a highly fluctuating labor market. As a result, demand and supply for Brazilian workers is still on the increase. Working in Japan is getting less attractive for Japanese Brazilians but is more of a viable option for them, driving further migration from Brazil to Japan.