Fisheries regulation: A review of the literature on input controls, the ecosystem, and enforcement in the Straits of Malacca of Malaysia
Fisheries regulation: A review of the literature on input controls, the ecosystem, and enforcement in the Straits of Malacca of Malaysia
复制标题
渔业监管：马来西亚马六甲海峡投入控制、生态系统和执法文献综述
DOI：
10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105682
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoong Sang Wong;Chen
渔业的法律的框架在规范和管理可持续渔业的适当发展方面发挥着重要作用。通过借鉴同行评审的文章和灰色文献，本文回顾和总结了马来西亚马六甲海峡底层渔业的渔业管理和监管执法的选定部分。与其他热带渔业一样，该区域的小型商业拖网渔船队是多鱼种和多渔具渔业，在隐蔽的登陆点进行捕捞，由低技术渔船组成，同样，它们严重依赖移徙工人。这些热带渔业面临的一些主要问题包括能力过剩、鱼类资源枯竭、商业船队和传统船队之间的冲突、物种组成的巨大变化以及人类活动对海洋生态系统造成的压力。流行的管理策略侧重于输入控制（例如，网目尺寸）、渔具选择性、海洋保护区、分区系统和许可的暂停。虽然有一个法律的框架来规范渔业，但管理绩效不佳可能是由于海事执法机构的通才作用、对鱼类种群分布模式的了解有限、联邦和州渔业法律之间的不一致以及自上而下的管理方法。
Fisheries’ legal framework plays an important role in regulating and managing the proper development of sustainable fisheries. By drawing on peer-reviewed articles and gray literature, this paper reviews and summarizes selected segments on fisheries management and regulatory enforcement for demersal fisheries in Malaysia’s Straits of Malacca. Like other tropical fisheries, the small-scale commercial trawl fleets in this region are multispecies and multi-gear fisheries at secluded landing sites that are comprised of low-tech fishing vessels, and similarly, they display a heavy dependence on migrant workers. Some major problems facing these tropical fisheries include overcapacity, depleted fish stocks, conflicts between commercial and traditional fleets, dramatic changes in species composition, and the stress on marine ecosystems due to human activities. Popular management strategies focus on input controls (e.g., mesh size), gear selectivity, marine protected areas, zoning systems, and licensed moratoriums. Although a legal framework exists to regulate fisheries, the suboptimal management performance may be attributed to the maritime enforcement agency’s generalist role, limited knowledge on the distribution patterns of fish assemblages, inconsistencies between federal and state laws on fisheries, and a top-down management approach.