A New Scale of the US Alcohol Policy Environment and Its Relationship to Binge Drinking
A New Scale of the US Alcohol Policy Environment and Its Relationship to Binge Drinking
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2013.07.015
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Xuan, Ziming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naimi, Timothy S.;Blanchette, Jason;Xuan, Ziming
背景：在与过量饮酒相关的结果中，酗酒约占酒精所致死亡的一半、三分之二的潜在寿命损失和四分之三的经济成本。酒精政策环境对美国各州酗酒差异的影响程度尚不清楚。目的：本研究的目的是描述酒精政策量表（APS）的制定，旨在衡量美国州级酒精政策环境的总体情况，并评估 APS 分数与美国各州州级成人酗酒流行率的关系。方法：在政策专家小组的协助下制定政策效力和实施评级。从多个来源收集了 2000 年至 2010 年 50 个州和华盛顿特区 29 项政策的数据，并在 2012 年 1 月至 2013 年 1 月之间进行了分析。探索了聚合政策数据以计算 APS 分数的五种方法；除一项外，所有其他项均根据相对政策效力和/或实施情况进行加权。 2001-2010 年成人（18 岁）酗酒流行率数据来自行为危险因素监测系统调查。特定州年份的 APS 评分用于预测下一年的酗酒流行率。结果：所有计算 APS 评分的方法均显着相关 (r > 0.50)，并且所有 APS 评分均与成人酗酒流行率呈显着负相关。在统计模型中引入功效和实施评级优化拟合优度（例如，未经调整的 beta=-3.90，p < 0.0001，R-2=0.31）。结论：酒精政策环境的综合衡量指标具有内部效度和结构效度。较高的 APS 分数（代表更强的政策环境）与成人酗酒较少相关，并且在美国各州酗酒的州级差异中占很大比例。 (C) 2014 年美国预防医学杂志
Background: Of outcomes related to excessive drinking, binge drinking accounts for approximately half of alcohol-attributable deaths, two thirds of years of potential life lost, and three fourths of economic costs. The extent to which the alcohol policy environment accounts for differences in binge drinking in U.S. states is unknown.Purpose: The goal of the study was to describe the development of an Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) designed to measure the aggregate state-level alcohol policy environment in the U.S. and assess the relationship of APS scores to state-level adult binge drinking prevalence in U.S. states.Methods: Policy efficacy and implementation ratings were developed with assistance from a panel of policy experts. Data on 29 policies in 50 states and Washington DC from 2000-2010 were collected from multiple sources and analyzed between January 2012 and January 2013. Five methods of aggregating policy data to calculate APS scores were explored; all but one was weighted for relative policy efficacy and/or implementation. Adult (aged 18 years) binge drinking prevalence data from 2001-2010 was obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. APS scores from a particular state-year were used to predict binge drinking prevalence during the following year.Results: All methods of calculating APS scores were significantly correlated (r > 0.50), and all APS scores were significantly inversely associated with adult binge drinking prevalence. Introducing efficacy and implementation ratings optimized goodness of fit in statistical models (e.g., unadjusted beta=-3.90, p < 0.0001, R-2=0.31).Conclusions: The composite measure(s) of the alcohol policy environment have internal and construct validity. Higher APS scores (representing stronger policy environments) were associated with less adult binge drinking and accounted for a substantial proportion of the state-level variation in binge drinking among U.S. states. (C) 2014 American Journal of Preventive Medicine