The role of domain-general attention and domain-specific processing in working memory in algebraic performance: An experimental approach.
The role of domain-general attention and domain-specific processing in working memory in algebraic performance: An experimental approach.
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领域一般注意力和领域特定处理在代数表现中工作记忆中的作用：一种实验方法。
DOI：
10.1037/xlm0001117
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cowan, Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ünal, Zehra Emine;Forsberg, Alicia;Geary, David C.;Cowan, Nelson
我们通过五个实验研究了工作记忆在符号代数和空间代数及其相关任务中的作用。在双任务设计中，每个实验都将处理任务（表达评价、算术、坐标平面、几何或心理旋转）与言语和空间记忆负荷结合起来。空间记忆在更困难的处理任务中受到损害，而言语记忆只在代数任务中受到损害。后者与口头记忆中与变量相关的保留数量的需求有关。我们认为语言和空间工作记忆的保持都涉及域一般注意，但它们的维持机制不同。言语记忆具有以注意为基础和以预演为基础的机制，因此在短时间内保持言语信息比保持空间信息需要更少的注意力。我们建议内存负载对处理的影响（例如，x= 6）取决于在执行处理时是否可能使用特定内存负载的维护策略。总之，我们的研究结果表明，代数任务使用域一般注意力，并包括对代数变量的口头处理（即x， y中传达的信息）。我们讨论了代数学习和工作记忆理论的含义。（PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2022 APA，版权所有）
We investigated the role of working memory in symbolic and spatial algebra and related tasks across five experiments. Each experiment combined a processing task (expression evaluation, arithmetic, coordinate plane, geometry, or mental rotation) with verbal and spatial memory loads in a dual-task design. Spatial memory was compromised in the presence of more difficult processing tasks, and verbal memory was only compromised in the presence of algebraic tasks. The latter was related to the demands of retaining quantities associated with variables in verbal memory. We suggest that both verbal and spatial working memory retention engage domain-general attention, but that their maintenance mechanisms differ. Verbal memory has attention-based and rehearsal-based mechanisms, and thus sustaining verbal information over a short period is less attention-demanding than holding spatial information. We suggest that effects of a memory load on processing (eg, x= 6) depend on whether use of maintenance strategies are possible for the specific memory load while carrying out processing. In all, our results indicate that algebraic tasks use domain-general attention and include verbal processing of algebraic variables (ie, information conveyed in x, y). We discuss the implications for algebra learning and working memory theories.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)