A Low‐Voltage, High‐Force Capacity Electroadhesive Clutch Based on Ionoelastomer Heterojunctions
A Low‐Voltage, High‐Force Capacity Electroadhesive Clutch Based on Ionoelastomer Heterojunctions
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一种基于离子弹性体异质结的低压、高力容量电粘附离合器
DOI：
10.1002/adma.202304455
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Pikul, J. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levine, D. J.;Lee, O. A.;Campbell, G. M.;McBride, M. K.;Kim, H. J.;Turner, K. T.;Hayward, R. C.;Pikul, J. H.
具有介电膜的电粘附装置可以电编程刚度和粘附力的变化，但需要数百伏并且容易因介电击穿而失效。离子弹性体异质结的最新工作已经实现了可逆的电粘附与低电压，但这些材料表现出有限的力容量和高分离力。设计具有大的力容量和在低电压（<10 V）下可编程分离的电粘合剂是一个巨大的挑战。在这项工作中，合成了具有低表面能的坚韧离子弹性体/金属网复合材料，并控制表面粗糙度，以实现小，强，易于拆卸的亚十伏离合器。基于断裂和接触力学的模型解释了离合器顺应性和表面纹理如何影响力容量和接触面积，并在不同的几何形状和电压下进行了验证。这些离子弹性体离合器比现有的最佳电粘附离合器的单位面积力容量（102 N cm−2）高出5倍，工作电压降低40倍（± 7.5 V）。最后，证明了离子弹性体离合器抵抗手指可佩戴的弯曲力矩和作为可调节电话支架中的可逆粘合剂的能力。
Electroadhesive devices with dielectric films can electrically program changes in stiffness and adhesion, but require hundreds of volts and are subject to failure by dielectric breakdown. Recent work on ionoelastomer heterojunctions has enabled reversible electroadhesion with low voltages, but these materials exhibit limited force capacities and high detachment forces. It is a grand challenge to engineer electroadhesives with large force capacities and programmable detachment at low voltages (<10 V). In this work, tough ionoelastomer/metal mesh composites with low surface energies are synthesized and surface roughness is controlled to realize sub‐ten‐volt clutches that are small, strong, and easily detachable. Models based on fracture and contact mechanics explain how clutch compliance and surface texture affect force capacity and contact area, which is validated over different geometries and voltages. These ionoelastomer clutches outperform the best existing electroadhesive clutches by fivefold in force capacity per unit area (102 N cm−2), with a 40‐fold reduction in operating voltage (± 7.5 V). Finally, the ability of the ionoelastomer clutches to resist bending moments in a finger wearable and as a reversible adhesive in an adjustable phone mount is demonstrated.