Aesthetic Aerogel Window Design for Sustainable Buildings
Aesthetic Aerogel Window Design for Sustainable Buildings
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DOI：
10.3390/su14052887
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Capron, Margeaux
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carroll, Mary K.;Anderson, Ann M.;Capron, Margeaux
通过窗户的热量传输占住宅建筑供暖和制冷损失的25%以上。硅基气凝胶是半透明的，具有极低的导热系数，这使得它们对于融入玻璃单元的空间很有吸引力。广泛采用单片硅气凝胶窗户可大大节省与建筑物供暖和制冷相关的能源。然而，由于固体基质的光散射，整体二氧化硅气凝胶不具有视觉玻璃的光学清晰度，而且往往存在表面缺陷，这两种情况都使这些材料不太适合用于玻璃应用。在这里，我们展示了通过快速超临界萃取方法制备美观的整体二氧化硅气凝胶以用于玻璃单元的各种方法，包括：(1)工艺改进，从而使整体具有更高的可见光透过率；(2)用于制备均匀气凝胶整体的创新模具设计；(3)使用更薄的整体的玻璃设计；以及(4)结合使用染料和激光蚀刻的艺术效果，以制备具有马赛克或彩色玻璃样图案的玻璃单元，其中表面缺陷被认为是设计的特征，而不是缺陷。
Transport of heat through windows accounts for more than 25% of heating and cooling losses in residential buildings. Silica-based aerogels are translucent with extremely low thermal conductivity, which make them attractive for incorporation into the interspaces of glazing units. Widespread incorporation of monolithic-silica-aerogel-based windows could result in significant energy savings associated with the heating and cooling of buildings. However, monolithic silica aerogels do not have the optical clarity of vision glass, due to light scattering by the solid matrix, and often have surface imperfections, both of which render these materials less appealing for glazing applications. Here, we demonstrate a variety of approaches to preparing aesthetically pleasing monolithic silica aerogel by a rapid supercritical extraction method for incorporation into glazing units, including: (1) process improvements that result in monoliths with higher visible light transmission; (2) innovative mold design for the preparation of uniform aerogel monoliths; (3) glazing designs that use thinner monoliths; and (4) the incorporation of artistic effects using dyes and laser etching to prepare glazing units with mosaic- or stained-glass-like patterns in which surface imperfections are perceived as features of the design rather than flaws.