Age-Related Pathology Associated with H1N1 A/California/07/2009 Influenza Virus Infection
Age-Related Pathology Associated with H1N1 A/California/07/2009 Influenza Virus Infection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.08.017
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Ross, Ted M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bissel, Stephanie J.;Carter, Chalise E.;Ross, Ted M.
流感病毒感染引起一系列疾病，从轻度上呼吸道感染到重度下呼吸道感染，可导致弥漫性肺泡损伤、间质和气道炎症或急性呼吸衰竭。指示疾病严重程度的机制尚未完全了解，但宿主，病毒和细菌因素影响疾病的结果。由于年龄是与严重流感风险较高相关的一个宿主因素，我们研究了2009年H1N1流感病毒感染后新断奶、成年和老年雪貂肺炎的区域肺部分布和严重程度，以更好地了解年龄依赖性易感性和病理学。老年雪貂表现出更大的体重减轻和更高的死亡率比成年雪貂，而大多数新断奶的雪貂没有减肥，但缺乏体重增加。新断奶的雪貂表现出最低限度的肺炎，而成年和老年雪貂肺炎的严重程度。流感病毒引起的肺炎高峰最早在成年雪貂，而老年雪貂推迟介绍。各组间的支气管严重程度不同，但所有队列间的支气管病理学相当。肺泡感染组间差异显著。刚断奶的雪貂几乎没有肺泡细胞感染。成年和老年雪貂有肺泡感染，但老年雪貂无法清除感染。这些不同的年龄相关性肺炎和感染模式表明，治疗流感的治疗策略应根据年龄进行调整。
Influenza virus infection causes a spectrum of diseases, ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe lower respiratory tract infection, that can lead to diffuse alveolar damage, interstitial and airspace inflammation, or acute respiratory failure. Mechanisms instructing disease severity are not completely understood, but host, viral, and bacterial factors influence disease outcome. With age being one host factor associated with a higher risk of severe influenza, we investigated regional pulmonary distribution and severity of pneumonia after 2009 H1N1 influenza virus infection in newly weaned, adult, and aged ferrets to better understand age-dependent susceptibility and pathology. Aged ferrets exhibited greater weight loss and higher rates of mortality than adult ferrets, whereas most newly weaned ferrets did not lose weight but had a lack of weight gain. Newly weaned ferrets exhibited minimal pneumonia, whereas adult and aged ferrets had a spectrum of pneumonia severity. Influenza virus induced pneumonia peaked earliest in adult ferrets, whereas aged ferrets had delayed presentation. Bronchial severity differed among groups, but bronchial pathology was comparable among all cohorts. Alveolar infection was strikingly different among groups. Newly weaned ferrets had little alveolar cell infection. Adult and aged ferrets had alveolar infection, but aged ferrets were unable to clear infection. These different age-related pneumonia and infection patterns suggest therapeutic strategies to treat influenza should be tailored contingent on age.