Dry deposition of pollutant and marker particles onto live mouse airway surfaces enhances monitoring of individual particle mucociliary transit behaviour
Dry deposition of pollutant and marker particles onto live mouse airway surfaces enhances monitoring of individual particle mucociliary transit behaviour
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DOI：
10.1107/s0909049512018250
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Parsons, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Donnelley, Martin;Morgan, Kaye S.;Parsons, David W.
悬浮在空气中的颗粒物在正常呼吸过程中被吸入，除非被气道防御系统（如粘膜纤毛运输（MCT）系统）清除，否则它们可能会残留并影响肺部和气道健康。已开发同步加速器相衬X射线成像（PCXI）方法，用于无创监测活小鼠气道中单个颗粒的行为，在先前的研究中，已检查了沉积在盐水载液中后活小鼠气道中颗粒和纤维的MCT行为。在这项研究中，使用干粉吹入器将一系列常见的可吸入污染物颗粒（铅尘、采石场粉尘和玻璃纤维）以及标记颗粒（中空玻璃微球）输送到活小鼠的气管中，以更准确地模拟正常的环境颗粒暴露和通过吸入沉积。一旦递送到气道表面上，通过PCXI在五分钟的时间内跟踪颗粒的行为。沉积后所有颗粒均可见。玻璃纤维始终保持静止，而所有其他颗粒类型在整个成像期间通过气管表面。在所有情况下，大多数颗粒沉积和任何气道表面活性都位于气管背壁附近。玻璃珠标记物颗粒的个体和整体运动都是可见的，并且它们的行为使得能够揭示隐藏的MCT模式。本研究验证了PCXI用于检查小鼠气管中沉积后微粒MCT行为的价值，并强调MCT不是放射性标记研究所建议的统一过程。它还直接揭示了干颗粒输送的优点，用于建立足够的颗粒存在，以可视化MCT行为。干颗粒递送后观察到的MCT行为和速率与先前载体液体研究中的不同。有人建议，干颗粒输送是必不可少的环境现实的颗粒沉积和研究如何生活气道表面处理不同类型的吸入颗粒的MCT过程。
Particles suspended in the air are inhaled during normal respiration and unless cleared by airway defences, such as the mucociliary transit (MCT) system, they can remain and affect lung and airway health. Synchrotron phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) methods have been developed to non-invasively monitor the behaviour of individual particles in live mouse airways and in previous studies the MCT behaviour of particles and fibres in the airways of live mice after deposition in a saline carrier fluid have been examined. In this study a range of common respirable pollutant particles (lead dust, quarry dust and fibreglass fibres) as well as marker particles (hollow glass micro-spheres) were delivered into the trachea of live mice using a dry powder insufflator to more accurately mimic normal environmental particulate exposure and deposition via inhalation. The behaviour of the particles once delivered onto the airway surface was tracked over a five minute period via PCXI. All particles were visible after deposition. Fibreglass fibres remained stationary throughout while all other particle types transited the tracheal surface throughout the imaging period. In all cases the majority of the particle deposition and any airway surface activity was located close to the dorsal tracheal wall. Both the individual and bulk motions of the glass bead marker particles were visible and their behaviour enabled otherwise hidden MCT patterns to be revealed. This study verified the value of PCXI for examining the post-deposition particulate MCT behaviour in the mouse trachea and highlighted that MCT is not a uniform process as suggested by radiolabel studies. It also directly revealed the advantages of dry particle delivery for establishing adequate particulate presence for visualizing MCT behaviour. The MCT behaviour and rate seen after dry particle delivery was different from that in previous carrier-fluid studies. It is proposed that dry particle delivery is essential for producing environmentally realistic particle deposition and studying how living airway surfaces handle different types of inhaled particles by MCT processes.