Walking there: Environmental influence on walking-distance estimation
Walking there: Environmental influence on walking-distance estimation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2011.09.007
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Paolucci, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iosa, M.;Fusco, A.;Paolucci, S.
在黑暗的环境中，当视觉被排除时，人类通常能够走向先前记忆的位置的目标。时空步态参数的变化、地面障碍物的存在或路径倾斜都会影响其性能。本研究的目的是调查环境对这种能力的影响。我们招募了60名健康受试者，分别在小型室内和室外开阔场地环境中进行测试。在实验一中，15名室内和15名室外被试被发现有显著差异。根据先前的研究，户外行走的距离与三个测试目标的距离（3米，6米和10米）没有显著差异。相反，对于蒙眼的室内步行者，在所有三个距离上观察到系统的和显著的下冲（误差分别为：-0.34、-0.73和-1.99 m）。这种室内下冲被发现与较短的步骤没有补偿的步骤数的任何增量。在实验2中，另外两组各15名被试对室内距离的感知也被低估。但感知距离与运动成绩的相关性较差（R = 0.23，p = 0.410）。尽管事实上，错误是一致的试验，当室内步行者不能访问环境声学特征，他们的表现导致受试者之间的差异很大，但它改善，平均。根据这些结果，环境似乎是不同策略之间的选择性调整。(C)2011 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
In a dark environment, when vision is excluded, humans are usually able to walk towards a target the position of which was previously memorized. Changes in spatio-temporal gait parameters, the presence of obstacles on the ground or pathway tilt can affect their performances. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the environment on this ability. We have enrolled sixty healthy subjects, separately tested in a small indoor and in an outdoor open-field environment. In experiment 1, significant differences were found between 15 indoor and 15 outdoor blindfolded walkers. According to previous studies, the distances walked outdoors were not significantly different from the three-tested target's distances (3 m, 6 m and 10 m). Conversely, a systematic and significant undershooting was observed for blindfolded indoor walkers for all the three distances (errors: -0.34, -0.73 and -1.99 m, respectively). This indoor undershooting was found related to shorter steps not compensated by any increment of the step number. In experiment 2, also the perception of the indoor distance resulted underestimated in other two tested groups of 15 subjects each. But the perceived distance resulted poorly correlated with motor performances (R = 0.23, p = 0.410). In spite of the fact that the errors were consistent among trials, when indoor walkers could not access to environmental acoustic features, their performance resulted highly variable among subjects, but it improved, on average. At the light of these results, the environment seems acting as a selective tuning between different strategies. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.