An analysis of the spatial evolution and influencing factors of rural settlements along the Shandong section of the Grand Canal of China
An analysis of the spatial evolution and influencing factors of rural settlements along the Shandong section of the Grand Canal of China
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DOI：
10.1002/rra.3874
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Xiaolong Huo;Xi-wei Xu;Yuet-chun. Tang;Zhen Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaolong Huo;Xi-wei Xu;Yuet-chun. Tang;Zhen Zhang
20世纪80年代以来，大运河交通功能的弱化和快速的城市化进程使大运河沿着乡村聚落空间格局发生了重大变化。分析这种空间格局的变化特征，探讨影响这种变化的自然、社会、经济因素，是认识区域空间结构和发展规律，把握这些因素影响程度的关键。本研究选取了1980年至2018年大运河山东段27个县级单位的约1.3万个农村居民点作为研究对象。大运河的距离缓冲区分为运河边、近运河、远运河和远运河定居点。通过控制试验，建立了与渠道的相关模型。应用重心变化模型（CGC）、平均最近邻分析（ANN）、景观度量（LM）等方法，定量分析了该地区的沉降分布、规模和形态。通过对空间格局分化因子中地理标志物的定量分析，揭示了地理标志物在空间格局分化因子中的相对重要性及其相互作用。研究表明，该区域的空间分布呈现出“大分散、小集中”和“小规模集聚”的特征。聚落规模扩大得越大，聚落数量减少得越多。定居点越靠近河流，形状集群越复杂。农、林、牧、渔业总产值、农业机械总动力、有效灌溉面积是影响农业生产力的主要因素。粮食面积和农村居民人均可支配收入是主要的辅助影响因素。
Since 1980s, the weakening of the transportation function of the Grand Canal and rapid urbanisation have generated significant changes in the spatial pattern of rural settlements along the Grand Canal. Analysing the changing characteristics of this spatial pattern, and exploring the natural, social, and economic factors influencing these changes are key to understanding the regional spatial structure and development law, and grasping the degree of influence of these factors. This study selected approximately 13,000 rural settlements in 27 county‐level units in the Shandong section of the Grand Canal, from 1980 to 2018, as the research object. The Grand Canal's distance buffer zone is divided into canal‐side, near‐canal, far‐canal, and further‐canal settlements. The correlation model with the canal is constructed through the controlled experiment. The distribution, scale, and form of the settlement are analysed quantitatively by applying the change of gravity centre model (CGC), average nearest neighbour analysis (ANN), landscape metrics (LM), and other methods. The quantitative analysis of geographic detectors in spatial pattern differentiation factors shows the relative importance and interaction within them. This study indicates that the spatial distribution shows ‘large dispersion and small concentration’ and ‘small‐scale agglomeration’ characteristics. The larger the scale of the settlement expands, the more the number of settlements decreases. The closer the settlement nears the river, the more complex the shape clusters. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, the total power of agricultural machinery, and the effective irrigation area are the main influencing factors. The grain area and the per capita disposable income of rural residents are the main auxiliary influencing factors.