The TEAM (Total Exposure Assessment Methodology) Study: personal exposures to toxic substances in air, drinking water, and breath of 400 residents of New Jersey, North Carolina, and North Dakota.
The TEAM (Total Exposure Assessment Methodology) Study: personal exposures to toxic substances in air, drinking water, and breath of 400 residents of New Jersey, North Carolina, and North Dakota.
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TEAM（总暴露评估方法）研究：新泽西州、北卡罗来纳州和北达科他州 400 名居民对空气、饮用水和呼吸中有毒物质的个人暴露情况。
DOI：
10.1016/s0013-9351(87)80030-0
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
R. Perritt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Wallace;E. Pellizzari;T. Hartwell;C. Sparacino;R. Whitmore;L. Sheldon;H. Zelon;R. Perritt
EPA的TEAM研究测量了新泽西、北卡罗来纳州和北达科他州约400名居民的个人空气、室外空气、饮用水和呼吸中20种挥发性有机化合物的暴露量。通过概率抽样方案选择所有居民，代表新泽西伊丽莎白和巴约讷的128，000名居民、北卡罗来纳州格林斯伯勒的131，000名居民和北达科他州魔鬼湖的7000名居民。参与者携带个人监测器收集两个12小时的空气样本，并在一天结束时提供呼吸样本。两个连续的12小时的室外空气样本也收集在相同的Tenax墨盒在一些参与者的后院。采集了约5000份样品，其中1500份为质控样品。10种化合物经常出现在所有地点的个人空气和呼吸样本中。这些化学品的个人接触浓度始终高于室外浓度，有时是室外浓度的10倍。室内污染源似乎是造成这种差异的主要原因。呼吸浓度也经常超过室外浓度，与个人接触的相关性比室外浓度更强。一些活动（吸烟，访问干洗店或服务站）和职业（化学，油漆和塑料厂）与某些有毒化学品的暴露和呼吸水平显着升高有关。有吸烟者的家庭室内空气中的苯和苯乙烯水平显着增加。居住在主要点源附近不影响暴露。
EPA's TEAM Study has measured exposures to 20 volatile organic compounds in personal air, outdoor air, drinking water, and breath of approximately 400 residents of New Jersey, North Carolina, and North Dakota. All residents were selected by a probability sampling scheme to represent 128,000 inhabitants of Elizabeth and Bayonne, New Jersey, 131,000 residents of Greensboro, North Carolina, and 7000 residents of Devils Lake, North Dakota. Participants carried a personal monitor to collect two 12-hr air samples and gave a breath sample at the end of the day. Two consecutive 12-hr outdoor air samples were also collected on identical Tenax cartridges in the backyards of some of the participants. About 5000 samples were collected, of which 1500 were quality control samples. Ten compounds were often present in personal air and breath samples at all locations. Personal exposures were consistently higher than outdoor concentrations for these chemicals and were sometimes 10 times the outdoor concentrations. Indoor sources appeared to be responsible for much of the difference. Breath concentrations also often exceeded outdoor concentrations and correlated more strongly with personal exposures than with outdoor concentrations. Some activities (smoking, visiting dry cleaners or service stations) and occupations (chemical, paint, and plastics plants) were associated with significantly elevated exposures and breath levels for certain toxic chemicals. Homes with smokers had significantly increased benzene and styrene levels in indoor air. Residence near major point sources did not affect exposure.