Functional Characterization of the Dopaminergic Psychostimulant Sydnocarb as an Allosteric Modulator of the Human Dopamine Transporter.

Functional Characterization of the Dopaminergic Psychostimulant Sydnocarb as an Allosteric Modulator of the Human Dopamine Transporter.
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多巴胺能精神兴奋剂双苯威作为人多巴胺转运蛋白变构调节剂的功能表征。

DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines9060634
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发表时间:
2021-06-02
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Mortensen OV
Mortensen OV
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aggarwal S;Cheng MH;Salvino JM;Bahar I;Mortensen OV

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多巴胺转运体(DAT)通过调节DA从突触和突触外区域的清除,从而调节DA在突触后DA受体上的作用,在控制DA介导的神经传递中发挥关键作用。安非他明和可卡因等主要滥用药物与DAT相互作用,改变其作用,导致细胞外多巴胺浓度增加。我们以前在DAT和相关的人类5-羟色胺转运体中发现了一个新的变构位点,它位于中央正构底物和可卡因结合口袋之外。在这里,我们证明了多巴胺能精神刺激剂sydnocarb是这个新的变构位点的配体。我们通过分子动力学模拟确定了聚合胞与DAT在变构位置相互作用的分子决定因素。生化取代的半胱氨酸扫描可及性实验证实了聚合体与变构部位的氨基酸之间发生了特定的相互作用,从而支持了计算预测。功能性多巴胺摄取研究进一步表明,sydnocarb是DAT的非竞争性抑制剂,这与与该精神刺激剂结合的位置不同的位置有关。最后,DA摄取研究还表明,聚乙二碳酸酯影响DAT与可卡因和苯丙胺的相互作用。综上所述,这些研究进一步加强了变构调节DAT活性可能具有治疗潜力的前景。
The dopamine transporter (DAT) serves a critical role in controlling dopamine (DA)-mediated neurotransmission by regulating the clearance of DA from the synapse and extrasynaptic regions and thereby modulating DA action at postsynaptic DA receptors. Major drugs of abuse such as amphetamine and cocaine interact with DATs to alter their actions resulting in an enhancement in extracellular DA concentrations. We previously identified a novel allosteric site in the DAT and the related human serotonin transporter that lies outside the central orthosteric substrate- and cocaine-binding pocket. Here, we demonstrate that the dopaminergic psychostimulant sydnocarb is a ligand of this novel allosteric site. We identified the molecular determinants of the interaction between sydnocarb and DAT at the allosteric site using molecular dynamics simulations. Biochemical-substituted cysteine scanning accessibility experiments have supported the computational predictions by demonstrating the occurrence of specific interactions between sydnocarb and amino acids within the allosteric site. Functional dopamine uptake studies have further shown that sydnocarb is a noncompetitive inhibitor of DAT in accord with the involvement of a site different from the orthosteric site in binding this psychostimulant. Finally, DA uptake studies also demonstrate that sydnocarb affects the interaction of DAT with both cocaine and amphetamine. In summary, these studies further strengthen the prospect that allosteric modulation of DAT activity could have therapeutic potential.
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