Nutrition environment measures study in restaurants (NEMS-R) - Development and evaluation
Nutrition environment measures study in restaurants (NEMS-R) - Development and evaluation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2006.12.022
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Frank, Lawrence D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saelens, Brian E.;Glanz, Karen;Frank, Lawrence D.
背景：美国人越来越多地外出就餐，但人们对餐厅的营养环境知之甚少。方法：在2004年和2005年对四个社区的217家坐着快餐店和快餐店的评分员间和重测信度进行了评估。结果：评分员之间的信度普遍较高，大多数卡伯值大于0.80(范围0.27-0.97)，所有百分比一致性值都大于75%(77.6-99.5)。重测信度较高，大部分kappa值大于0.80(0.46~1.0)，所有百分比符合值均大于80%(80.4~100)。坐着与快餐店的营养环境变量之间有几个差异(p<；0.05)，尽管这两种餐厅类型都不总是更健康。快餐店有更多的健康主菜和主菜沙拉，但坐着餐馆的健康主菜沙拉和更多健康食品和饮料的比例更高。快餐店更多地鼓励大份、不健康的饮食和暴饮暴食，并为组合餐提供相对的成本节约，但也更有可能提供营养信息和强调健康选择。结论：检验关于食物环境对肥胖和饮食模式影响的假说需要对营养环境进行心理测量。这项营养环境测量研究餐厅评估(NEMS-R)具有可靠性证据，并可以区分餐厅类型。NEMS-R可用于研究和实践，以表征餐厅环境。
Background: Americans are increasingly eating out, but nutrition environments in restaurants are poorly understood. An observational measure was developed to assess factors believed to contribute to food choices in restaurants, including availability of more healthy foods, facilitators and barriers to healthful eating, pricing, and signage/promotion of healthy and unhealthy foods.Methods: Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were assessed in 217 sit-down and fast-food restaurants in four neighborhoods in 2004 and 2005.Results: Inter-rater reliability was generally high, with most kappa values greater than 0.80 (range 0.27-0.97) and all percent-agreement values greater than 75% (77.6-99.5). Test-retest reliability was high, with most kappa values greater than 0.80 (0.46-1.0) and all percent-agreement values greater than 80% (80.4-100). There were several differences (p < 0.05) between nutrition environment variables in sit-down versus fast-food restaurants, although neither restaurant type was consistently more healthful. Fast-food restaurants had greater healthy entree and main-dish salad availability, but sit-down restaurants had a higher proportion of healthy main-dish salads and more healthy food and beverage items. Fast-food restaurants more often encouraged large portions, unhealthful eating, and overeating, and offered relative cost savings for combination meals, but were also more likely to provide nutrition information and highlight healthy options.Conclusions: Testing hypotheses about food environment influences on obesity and eating patterns requires psychometrically sound measurement of nutrition environments. This Nutrition Environment Measures Study restaurant assessment (NEMS-R) has evidence of reliability, and can discriminate restaurant types. The NEMS-R can be used in research and practice to characterize restaurant environments.