Hypoxia Tolerance in Adult and Larval Cicindela Tiger Beetles Varies by Life History but Not Habitat Association
Hypoxia Tolerance in Adult and Larval Cicindela Tiger Beetles Varies by Life History but Not Habitat Association
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DOI：
10.1603/008.102.0316
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Brust;W. Hoback
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Brust;W. Hoback
摘要 洪水使陆地生物面临严重缺氧。研究最透彻的经常暴露在洪水中的昆虫是虎甲虫（鞘翅目：Cicindelidae）幼虫。在之前对有限数量物种的研究中，发现栖息地与耐缺氧能力之间存在相关性。在当前的研究中，我们检查了六种Cicindela物种第三龄的缺氧耐受性，这些物种的栖息地关联性有所不同。我们还测试了这些物种的成年存活率。我们发现，不同物种的幼虫在 20°C 的严重缺氧水中平均存活 60 至 120 小时，而在干沙中出现的幼虫存活时间稍短。然而，在幼虫中，生存时间和栖息地洪水风险之间没有相关性。我们发现成年虎甲虫的存活时间惊人地高，范围为 10 小时至 46 小时。成虫Cicindela formosa formosa Say与干沙有关，在春季和秋季活跃，在水中存活超过40小时，比之前报道的在中等环境温度下暴露于缺氧的任何成虫陆生昆虫都要长。成年虎甲虫的较长生存时间可能是由于在不活动期间适应了浸泡的结果。我们的研究表明，无论感知到的浸泡威胁如何，都应该检查其他昆虫物种和生命阶段的缺氧耐受性。
ABSTRACT Flooding exposes terrestrial organisms to severe hypoxia. Among the best- studied insects that are frequently exposed to flooding are tiger beetle (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) larvae. In previous studies with a limited number of species, a correlation was found between habitat and hypoxia tolerance. In the current study, we examined hypoxia tolerance among third instars of six Cicindela species that vary in habitat association; we also tested adult survival of these species. We found that larvae of the different species survived an average of between 60 and 120 h of submersion in severely hypoxic water at 20°C, with larvae that occur in dry sand having somewhat lower survival times. However, among larvae, there was no correlation between survival times and habitat risk of flooding. We found surprisingly high survival times among adult tiger beetles with a range of 10 h to 46 h. Adult Cicindela formosa formosa Say that are associated with dry sand and are active in the spring and fall survived submersion for >40 h, longer than any previously reported adult terrestrial insect exposed to hypoxia at moderate environmental temperatures. The lengthy survival times of adult tiger beetles are likely a result of adaptations to immersion during periods of inactivity. Our study suggests that additional insect species and life stages should be examined for hypoxia tolerance regardless of perceived threat of immersion.