Mushrooms as Efficient Solar Steam-Generation Devices
Mushrooms as Efficient Solar Steam-Generation Devices
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.201606762
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发表时间：
2017-07-26
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Zhu, Jia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Ning;Hu, Xiaozhen;Zhu, Jia
太阳能蒸汽产生作为一种有前景的技术正在兴起，因为它在收集太阳能用于海水淡化和杀菌等多种应用方面具有潜力。近期研究报道了多种人工结构，这些结构经过设计和制造，通过增强太阳能吸收、热量局域化、水供应和蒸汽传输来提高能量转换效率。令人惊讶的是，蘑菇作为一种生物首次被发现是高效的太阳能蒸汽产生装置。在1个太阳光照下，天然蘑菇和碳化蘑菇分别可实现约62%和约78%的转换效率。研究发现，这种高太阳能蒸汽产生能力归因于蘑菇独特的自然结构，即伞状的黑色菌盖、多孔的菌褶以及横截面较小的纤维状菌柄。这些特征不仅提供了高效的光吸收、水供应和蒸汽逸出，同时还抑制了热损失的三个组成部分。这些发现不仅揭示了蘑菇作为太阳能蒸汽产生低成本材料的潜在才能，还为高性能太阳能热转换装置的未来发展提供了灵感。
Solar steam generation is emerging as a promising technology, for its potential in harvesting solar energy for various applications such as desalination and sterilization. Recent studies have reported a variety of artificial structures that are designed and fabricated to improve energy conversion efficiencies by enhancing solar absorption, heat localization, water supply, and vapor transportation. Mushrooms, as a kind of living organism, are surprisingly found to be efficient solar steam-generation devices for the first time. Natural and carbonized mushrooms can achieve approximate to 62% and approximate to 78% conversion efficiencies under 1 sun illumination, respectively. It is found that this capability of high solar steam generation is attributed to the unique natural structure of mushroom, umbrella-shaped black pileus, porous context, and fibrous stipe with a small cross section. These features not only provide efficient light absorption, water supply, and vapor escape, but also suppress three components of heat losses at the same time. These findings not only reveal the hidden talent of mushrooms as low-cost materials for solar steam generation, but also provide inspiration for the future development of high-performance solar thermal conversion devices.