A guided multiverse study of neuroimaging analyses.

A guided multiverse study of neuroimaging analyses.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-31347-8
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发表时间:
2022-06-29
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
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中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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对于大多数神经影像学问题,可能的分析选择范围使其不清楚如何评估任何单一分析方法的结论。解决这个问题的一种可能方法是使用多元方法评估所有可能的分析,然而,这可能在计算上具有挑战性,并且对相同数据的顺序分析可能会影响预测能力。在这里,我们建立了如何在低维空间上捕获管道之间的相互关系的主动学习可以有效地近似分析的全谱。这种方法平衡了多元宇宙分析的好处,而不会在计算和预测能力上产生成本。我们用两个功能性MRI数据集(预测大脑年龄和自闭症诊断)来说明这种方法,展示了如何使用主动学习来有效地导航和绘制多元分析。此外,我们提出的方法不仅确定了最能预测年龄或对自闭症谱系障碍和健康对照者进行分类的分析技术的子集,而且还允许量化分析之间的关系。大多数神经影像学研究都与研究人员需要做出的广泛的分析和方法选择有关,但每一种选择都可能导致不同的答案,评估所有可能的分析选择在计算上具有挑战性。在这里,作者提出了一个框架,通过创建一个低维空间,并使用贝叶斯优化来导航它映射的分析空间。
For most neuroimaging questions the range of possible analytic choices makes it unclear how to evaluate conclusions from any single analytic method. One possible way to address this issue is to evaluate all possible analyses using a multiverse approach, however, this can be computationally challenging and sequential analyses on the same data can compromise predictive power. Here, we establish how active learning on a low-dimensional space capturing the inter-relationships between pipelines can efficiently approximate the full spectrum of analyses. This approach balances the benefits of a multiverse analysis without incurring the cost on computational and predictive power. We illustrate this approach with two functional MRI datasets (predicting brain age and autism diagnosis) demonstrating how a multiverse of analyses can be efficiently navigated and mapped out using active learning. Furthermore, our presented approach not only identifies the subset of analysis techniques that are best able to predict age or classify individuals with autism spectrum disorder and healthy controls, but it also allows the relationships between analyses to be quantified. Most neuroimaging studies are associated with a broad range analytic and methodological choices that the researcher needs to make, but every choice might lead to different answers, and evaluating all possible analytic choices is computationally challenging. Here, authors present a framework that maps the space of analysis by creating a low-dimensional space and using a Bayesian optimization to navigate it.
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