EFFECTS OF FOCUSED SELECTIVE ATTENTION TASKS ON EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS IN AUTISTIC AND NORMAL INDIVIDUALS
EFFECTS OF FOCUSED SELECTIVE ATTENTION TASKS ON EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS IN AUTISTIC AND NORMAL INDIVIDUALS
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DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(90)90174-i
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发表时间：
1990-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
ELMASIAN, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CIESIELSKI, KT;COURCHESNE, E;ELMASIAN, R
在两种集中选择性注意条件下，记录了孤独症患者和正常人的事件相关电位（ERP）和行为反应。在每种情况下，受试者都有一个相同的刺激范例-一个随机序列的50毫秒的声音和闪光发生在0.5和1.5秒之间的刺激间隔。刺激顺序依次为：罕见听觉刺激（12.5%）、罕见视觉刺激（12.5%）、标准听觉刺激（37.5%）和标准视觉刺激（37.5%）。在焦点听觉条件下，被试按下一个按钮，以罕见的听觉目标，并在焦点视觉条件下，他们按下一个按钮，以罕见的视觉刺激。当正常受试者在给定的关注模态中检测到目标刺激时，关注模态中的所有刺激在额叶电极部位（即，听觉Nde、Ndl和Nc;视觉N270和Nc）处产生增强的负ERP响应，并且在后部电极部位（即，P3 b和视觉P400）。而在自闭症被试中，听觉和视觉集中注意任务中记录的所有听觉和视觉注意相关的负性都不明显。P3 b明显缩小。结果表明，选择性注意的神经生理机制异常可能是自闭症认知缺陷的基础。本报告及其配套文件是第一次报告的神经生理学相关的选择性注意自闭症。
Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral responses were recorded from autistic and normal subjects under two focused selective attention conditions. In each condition, subjects were presented with an identical stimulus paradigm - a random sequence of 50 msec sounds and flashes occurring at interstimulus intervals ranging between 0.5 and 1.5 sec. The sequence consisted of rare auditory (12.5%), rare visual (12.5%), standard auditory (37.5%) and standard visual (37.5%) stimuli. In the focal auditory condition, subjects pressed a button to the rare auditory target, and in a focal visual condition, they pressed a button to the rare visual stimuli. When normal subjects detected target stimuli in a given attended modality, all stimuli in the attended modality produced enhanced negative ERP responses at frontal electrode sites (i.e, auditory Nde, Ndl, and Nc; visual N270 and Nc) and enhanced positive ERP responses at posterior electrode sites (i.e., P3b and visual P400). In the autistic subjects, in contrast, all auditory and visual attention-related negativities recorded in the auditory and visual focused attention tasks were not in evidence. P3b was significantly diminished in size. The results suggest that abnormalities in the neurophysiological mechanisms of selective attention may underlie the cognitive deficits in autism. The present report and its companion papers are the first reports of the neurophysiological correlates of selective attention in autism.