six3 acts upstream of foxQ2 in labrum and neural development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
six3 acts upstream of foxQ2 in labrum and neural development in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
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DOI：
10.1007/s00427-020-00654-9
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
M. Schacht;Christoph Schomburg;Gregor Bucher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Schacht;Christoph Schomburg;Gregor Bucher
动物的前部模式是基于基因调控网络，该网络包括高度保守的转录因子，如six3，pax6和dotx。最近，foxQ2被发现是该网络的祖先组成部分，但其调节相互作用显示出进化差异。在大多数动物中，foxQ2是six 3的下游靶点，敲低foxQ2可导致轻度或无表皮表型。相比之下，在红粉甲虫赤拟谷盗中，foxQ2在图案形成中发挥了更突出的作用，导致强烈的表皮和大脑表型，并且是six3表达所必需的。然而，目前还不清楚这些新的方面是昆虫或节肢动物的具体。在此，我们研究了蜘蛛Parasteatoda tepidariorum的singlefoxQ2同源基因的表达和RNAi表型，发现其早期前部表达与昆虫相似。此外，我们显示了一个表皮表型在唇类似的昆虫表型。然而，我们的数据表明foxQ2与其他动物一样位于six 3的下游，但与昆虫不同。因此，表皮和神经模式的功能ofoxQ2是祖先的节肢动物，而上游的作用ofoxQ2可能已经演变的谱系导致昆虫。
Anterior patterning in animals is based on a gene regulatory network, which comprises highly conserved transcription factors likesix3, pax6andotx. More recently,foxQ2was found to be an ancestral component of this network but its regulatory interactions showed evolutionary differences. In most animals,foxQ2is a downstream target ofsix3and knockdown leads to mild or no epidermal phenotypes. In contrast, in the red flour beetleTribolium castaneum,foxQ2gained a more prominent role in patterning leading to strong epidermal and brain phenotypes and being required forsix3expression. However, it has remained unclear which of these novel aspects were insect or arthropod specific. Here, we study expression and RNAi phenotype of the singlefoxQ2ortholog of the spiderParasteatoda tepidariorum.We find early anterior expression similar to the one of insects. Further, we show an epidermal phenotype in the labrum similar to the insect phenotype. However, our data indicate thatfoxQ2is positioned downstream ofsix3like in other animals but unlike insects. Hence, the epidermal and neural pattering function offoxQ2is ancestral for arthropods while the upstream role offoxQ2may have evolved in the lineage leading to the insects.