Developmental expression of the chick four-jointed homologue
Developmental expression of the chick four-jointed homologue
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DOI：
10.1002/dvdy.20946
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Francis-West, Philippa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamaguchi, Kumiko;Parish, Joanne;Francis-West, Philippa
四连接是一种II型跨膜蛋白，被认为是切割产生分泌蛋白。在果蝇中，四关节控制着四肢发育中的生长、静脉图案和刚毛极性，以及眼睛发育中小眼的极性。在果蝇和小鼠中，Fj由notch信号调节。在这里，我们已经确定了鸡四关节（固定）同源物在胚胎发育过程中的表达。我们发现，固定在肢芽，面部原基，增殖区的透镜，羽芽，神经管和神经嵴衍生物，如背根神经节。对发育中的肢芽中fix表达的分析表明，最初flx在整个肢芽中表达，但随着肢的发育，在远端发现最高水平的fix转录本。然而，到第27阶段，fix表达主要在肢芽的中央核心中发现。最后，fix的表达仅限于发育中的肌腱、韧带、关节软骨和动脉，而不是静脉。与巩膜轴（scx），肌腱和韧带的标志物比较，发现它们在大多数肌腱中共同表达，但固定是在性别后表达的，当肌腱开始分化时。这些数据表明，fjx在肢体发育过程中有两个作用：第一个控制生长和第二个组织分化。
Four-jointed is a type II transmembrane protein that is thought to be cleaved to give rise to a secreted protein. In Drosophila, four-jointed controls outgrowth, vein patterning, and bristle polarity in the developing limb together with the polarity of the ommatidia in the developing eye. In Drosophila and mice, Fj is regulated by notch signaling. Here, we have determined the expression of the chick four-jointed (fix) homologue during embryonic development. We show that fix is expressed in the limb bud; facial primordia; the proliferating zone of the lens, feather buds, the neural tube; and neural crest derivatives such as the dorsal root ganglia. Analysis of the fix expression in the developing limb bud showed that initially flx is expressed throughout the limb bud, but as the limb develops, highest levels of fix transcripts are found distally. However, by stage 27, fix expression is predominantly found in the central core of the limb bud. Finally, fix expression becomes confined to the developing tendons, ligaments, articular cartilage, and arteries but not the veins. Comparison with scleraxis (scx), a marker of tendons and ligaments, revealed that they are coexpressed in the majority of tendons but that fix is expressed after sex, when the tendons have begun to differentiate. These data suggest that fjx has two roles during limb development: the first controlling outgrowth and the second tissue differentiation.