Frequency of social contact and intrapair resemblance of adult monozygotic cotwins--or does shared experience influence personality after all?
Frequency of social contact and intrapair resemblance of adult monozygotic cotwins--or does shared experience influence personality after all?
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成年同卵双胞胎的社会接触频率和配对内相似性——或者共同的经历到底会影响性格吗？
DOI：
10.1007/bf01260932
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kaprio,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rose,RJ;Kaprio,J
为了确定共同经历对成人人格相似性的影响，我们对2320对成年同卵双胞胎（MZ）进行了短期外向性(E)和神经质(N)量表得分的配对内相似性评估，这些双胞胎根据彼此的社会交往频率进行分类。我们的分析与MZ双生子对照设计相似，其中双生子对内的环境差异提供了对特殊经历的深刻衡量，不受遗传差异的影响；在这里，MZ对之间的经验差异产生了共享经验的敏感测量，同样没有遗传混淆。我们发现，互动频繁的MZ对在两个人格维度上都明显更相似。分层多元回归分析了社会接触对配对相似性的影响，剔除了年龄和性别的影响；结果证实，社会交往对预测双胞胎的E或N分数有重要作用。最后，对于这些MZ双胞胎和4824对年龄匹配的DZ（异卵）双胞胎，成人相似性与分离时的年龄有关。这些数据来自一个非选择性的、基于人群的双胞胎队列，挑战了一个普遍的假设，即兄弟姐妹之间的共同经历对他们成年后性格的相似性几乎没有贡献。
To establish effects of shared experience on adult personality resemblance, we evaluated intrapair resemblance for short-form Extraversion (E) and Neuroticism (N) scale scores in 2320 pairs of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins who were classified by the frequency of their social interactions with one another. Our analysis parallels MZ cotwin control designs, where environmental differences within pairs provide an incisive measure of idiosyncratic experience, unconfounded by genetic differences; here, experiential differences between MZ pairs yield a sensitive measure of shared experience, again free of genetic confounds. We found that MZ pairs in more frequent interaction were significantly more alike for both personality dimensions. Hierarchical multiple regressions evaluated effects of social contact on intrapair similarity after the influence of both age and gender were removed; results confirmed that social interaction significantly contributes to the prediction of a twin's E or N scores from those of the cotwin. Finally, for both these MZ twins and 4824 agematched DZ (dizygotic) twin pairs, adult resemblance was associated with the age at separation. These data, obtained from a nonselected, population-based cohort of twins, challenge the widespread assumption that experiences shared by siblings make little or no contribution to similarities in their adult personalities.