New Developments in Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics
New Developments in Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics
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DOI：
10.1142/s0218301310014613
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发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Romatschke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Romatschke
从简单介绍相对论流体动力学的基础开始，我讨论了我们目前对存在(主要是剪切)粘性的相对论流体动力学理论的了解。回顾了基于广义热力学第二定律、动力学理论和完全二阶梯度展开的导数。所得到的流体动力学方程对于所有这些导数都是一致的，当适当地考虑了各自的适用范围时，并且可以应用于弱耦合和强耦合系统。在其现代形式中，相对论粘性流体力学可以直接用数值方法求解。这对解决极端相对论重离子碰撞问题很有用，我将回顾一下对这种情况下实验数据的流体力学描述的设置和结果。
Starting with a brief introduction into the basics of relativistic fluid dynamics, I discuss our current knowledge of a relativistic theory of fluid dynamics in the presence of (mostly shear) viscosity. Derivations based on the generalized second law of thermodynamics, kinetic theory, and a complete second-order gradient expansion are reviewed. The resulting fluid dynamic equations are shown to be consistent for all these derivations, when properly accounting for the respective region of applicability, and can be applied to both weakly and strongly coupled systems. In its modern formulation, relativistic viscous hydrodynamics can directly be solved numerically. This has been useful for the problem of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, and I will review the setup and results of a hydrodynamic description of experimental data for this case.