Levels of appraisal: A medial prefrontal role in high-level appraisal of emotional material
Levels of appraisal: A medial prefrontal role in high-level appraisal of emotional material
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.011
复制
发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalisch, Raffael;Wiech, Katja;Dolan, Raymond J.
评价是指对情感刺激的意义的评价，被认为是产生情感反应的原因。认知神经科学很少关注低水平评价（被认为是自动和预先注意的）与高水平评价（需要注意力和工作记忆资源）之间的理论区别。为了从高层次的评价中分离出低层次的评价，我们在一个并行的、不相关的工作记忆任务中改变了认知负荷，而焦虑是通过对即将到来的疼痛的预期引起的。重申理论预测，我们表明，焦虑相关的活动在背内侧前额叶/喙前扣带皮层（背侧MPFC/ACC）的衰减高，相对于低，认知负荷。前额叶外侧区以前牵连在重新评价和认知情绪调节焦虑和认知负荷之间的相互作用表现出类似的。重要的是，没有变化的生理和主观措施的低水平的评价结果和情绪反应的产生作为负载的函数，使我们得出结论，MPFC/ACC和横向PFC活动在预期焦虑反映了高水平的评价。我们的数据提供了神经生物学证据区分低级别和高级别的评价机制。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Appraisal refers to the evaluation of the meaning of emotional stimuli and is considered causal in the generation of an emotional response. Cognitive neuroscience has paid little attention to a theoretical distinction between low-level appraisal, considered to be automatic and preattentive, and high-level appraisal that requires attentional and working memory resources. To disentangle low-level from high-level appraisal, we varied cognitive load in a concurrent, unrelated working memory task, while anxiety was induced through anticipation of impending pain. Confirming theoretical predictions, we show that anxiety-related activity in dorsal medial prefrontal/rostral anterior cingulate cortex (dorsal MPFC/ACC) is attenuated under high, relative to low, cognitive load. Lateral prefrontal regions previously implicated in reappraisal and cognitive emotion regulation show a similar interaction between anxiety and cognitive load. Critically, there were no changes in physiological and subjective measures of low-level appraisal outcome and emotional response generation as a function of load, allowing us to conclude that MPFC/ACC and lateral PFC activity during anticipatory anxiety reflects high-level appraisal. Our data provide neurobiological evidence for a distinction between low-level and high-level appraisal mechanisms. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.