Risky mate search and mate preference in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)
Risky mate search and mate preference in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arl072
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Andrade, Maydianne C. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kasumovic, Michael M.;Bruce, Matthew J.;Andrade, Maydianne C. B.
寻找配偶是一种危险的行为，通过增加捕食风险和能量耗尽风险来降低生存率。然而，很少有研究量化的实际死亡率在求偶，很难预测求偶和交配策略。使用标记和再捕获的研究，我们研究了交配搜索成功的一个高度性二态物种，金色的圆网蜘蛛（Nephila plumipes）。我们发现，尽管这个物种的高密度聚集，男性在寻找配偶的生存率极低（36%），是表型独立的。令人惊讶的是，在寻找配偶中幸存下来的雄性在重新捕获后比释放前状况更好，这很可能是由于雌性网上的盗寄生。在一个补充的释放实验中，在一个领域的外壳，我们表明，男性是挑剔的，并调整他们的选择，根据自己的条件和重量的女性。因此，在野外寻找雄性的高死亡率可能是一种挑剔的代价，因为被释放的雄性比必要的时候走得更远。尽管雄性对雌性的表型很挑剔，但它们并不回避已经存在的竞争对手。这表明，继续寻找的成本超过了竞争的成本，但不是与某些雌性交配的成本。其他物种的交配系统和环境条件的进一步检查的择偶风险是必要的，以确定在搜索过程中的高死亡率的发生和影响。
Mate searching is a risky behavior that decreases survival by increasing predation risk and the risk of energy depletion. However, few studies have quantified actual mortality during mate search, making it difficult to predict mate searching and mating strategies. Using a mark and recapture study, we examined mate-searching success in a highly sexually dimorphic species, the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes). We show that despite the high-density aggregations of this species, male survival during mate searching is extremely low (36%) and is phenotype independent. Surprisingly, males that survived mate search were in better condition after recapture than prior to release, most likely due to kleptoparasitism on females' webs. In a complementary release experiment in a field enclosure, we show that males are choosy and adjust their choice of female depending on their own condition and weight. Thus, the high mortality rate of searching males in the field may be a cost of choosiness because released males traveled further than necessary to settle on females. Although males were choosy about female phenotypes, they did not avoid webs with rival males already present. This suggests that the cost of continued searching outweighs the cost of competition but not the cost of mating with certain females. Further examinations of mate-searching risk in other species in reference to their mating system and environmental conditions are necessary to determine the occurrence and effects of high mortality rates during searching.