Dividing attention between two transparent motion surfaces results in a failure of selective attention
Dividing attention between two transparent motion surfaces results in a failure of selective attention
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DOI：
10.1167/12.12.6
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Boynton, Geoffrey M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ernst, Zachary Raymond;Palmer, John;Boynton, Geoffrey M.
在基于对象的注意中，在单个对象内的特征之间分配注意力比在对象之间的特征之间分配注意力更容易。在这项研究中，我们测试了几个容量模型的预测，以便最好地表征在对象之间分配注意力的成本。在这篇文章中，我们研究了被试在分开的注意任务中的行为表现，在这项任务中，受试者注意到重叠的随机点运动图的运动和亮度，特别是红色向上移动的点和绿色向下移动的点的叠加。受试者被要求检测同一表面内或跨不同表面的运动或亮度的短暂变化(瞬时)。有两个初步的结果。首先，当注意力分散在两个表面上时，双重任务赤字很大，而当注意力分散在一个表面上时，双重任务赤字几乎为零。这与跨表面的有限容量处理和表面内的无限容量处理是一致的--这是基于物体的注意的既定理论所预测的模式。第二，出乎意料的是，有证据表明特征之间存在串扰：当提示监测一个表面上的瞬变时，另一个表面上出现瞬变时，响应率会被夸大。这种串扰是表面之间选择性注意的失败。
In object-based attention, it is easier to divide attention between features within a single object than between features across objects. In this study we test the prediction of several capacity models in order to best characterize the cost to dividing attention between objects. Here we studied behavioral performance on a divided attention task in which subjects attended to the motion and luminance of overlapping random dot kinemategrams, specifically red upward moving dots superimposed with green downward moving dots. Subjects were required to detect brief changes (transients) in the motion or luminance within the same surface or across different surfaces. There were two primary results. First, the dual-task deficit was large when attention was divided across two surfaces and near zero when attention was divided within a surface. This is consistent with limited-capacity processing across surfaces and unlimited-capacity processing within a surface-a pattern predicted by established theories of object-based attention. Second and unexpectedly, there was evidence of crosstalk between features: when cued to monitor transients on one surface, response rates were inflated by the presence of a transient on the other surface. Such crosstalk is a failure of selective attention between surfaces.