Heterogeneity in Healthy Aging
Heterogeneity in Healthy Aging
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glt162
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Goldman, Dana P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowsky, David J.;Olshansky, S. Jay;Goldman, Dana P.
令人惊讶的是，对于老年人口中的一大部分来说，按时间顺序计算的年龄并不是理解、衡量或经历健康老龄化的相关标志。利用2003年医疗支出小组调查和2004年健康与退休研究，我们检查了8个年龄组中每个年龄组中表现出五种健康标志的美国人的比例以及与健康相关的生活质量的变化，我们发现，从51岁开始的每个年龄组中，相当大比例的美国老年人是健康的，包括85岁以上的人。例如，在51-54岁的人中，48%的人和85岁以上的人中有28%的人自我报告健康状况良好或非常好；同样，在51-54岁的人中，89%的人和85岁以上的人中56%的人报告在工作或家务方面没有基于健康的限制。此外，与健康相关的生活质量在每个年龄段都有很大的差异，但各年龄段的生活质量中值只有相对较小的差异，这表明今天的美国老年人可能正在经历与他们的前辈截然不同的年龄健康轨迹。医疗支出的模式也类似。文中探讨了几种政策含义。
For a surprisingly large segment of the older population, chronological age is not a relevant marker for understanding, measuring, or experiencing healthy aging. Using the 2003 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and the 2004 Health and Retirement Study to examine the proportion of Americans exhibiting five markers of health and the variation in health-related quality of life across each of eight age groups, we find that a significant proportion of older Americans is healthy within every age group beginning at age 51, including among those aged 85+. For example, 48% of those aged 51-54 and 28% of those aged 85+ have excellent or very good self-reported health status; similarly, 89% of those aged 51-54 and 56% of those aged 85+ report no health-based limitations in work or housework. Also, health-related quality of life ranges widely within every age group, yet there is only a comparatively small variation in median quality of life across age groups, suggesting that older Americans today may be experiencing substantially different age-health trajectories than their predecessors. Patterns are similar for medical expenditures. Several policy implications are explored.