Animal Models for the Study of Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: Arenaviruses and Hantaviruses.
Animal Models for the Study of Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: Arenaviruses and Hantaviruses.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1155/2015/793257
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brocato RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golden JW;Hammerbeck CD;Mucker EM;Brocato RL
人类致病性汉坦病毒和沙粒病毒通过啮齿动物携带者群体的持续感染而维持在自然界中。这些病毒群的几个成员可在人类中引起重大疾病，一般称为病毒性出血热（HF），其特征为具有引起急性炎症的增加倾向的发热性疾病。人类与啮齿动物携带者的相互作用导致感染。沙粒病毒也被视为潜在的生物武器威胁剂。在动物模型中研究这些病毒的兴趣越来越大，不仅可以更深入地了解病毒的发病机制，还可以评估减轻疾病威胁的医学对策（MCM）。在这篇综述中，我们研究了目前的知识，这些病毒的研究中采用的动物模型。我们包括在天然水库的感染模型的分析，也讨论了应变异质性对动物感染的易感性的影响。这些信息应提供一个全面的参考，为那些有兴趣在沙粒病毒和汉坦病毒的研究，不仅为MCM的发展，而且在病毒的发病机制和这些病毒在其自然水库的生物学研究。
Human pathogenic hantaviruses and arenaviruses are maintained in nature by persistent infection of rodent carrier populations. Several members of these virus groups can cause significant disease in humans that is generically termed viral hemorrhagic fever (HF) and is characterized as a febrile illness with an increased propensity to cause acute inflammation. Human interaction with rodent carrier populations leads to infection. Arenaviruses are also viewed as potential biological weapons threat agents. There is an increased interest in studying these viruses in animal models to gain a deeper understating not only of viral pathogenesis, but also for the evaluation of medical countermeasures (MCM) to mitigate disease threats. In this review, we examine current knowledge regarding animal models employed in the study of these viruses. We include analysis of infection models in natural reservoirs and also discuss the impact of strain heterogeneity on the susceptibility of animals to infection. This information should provide a comprehensive reference for those interested in the study of arenaviruses and hantaviruses not only for MCM development but also in the study of viral pathogenesis and the biology of these viruses in their natural reservoirs.