The influence of birth weight and socioeconomic position on cognitive development: Does the early home and learning environment modify their effects?
The influence of birth weight and socioeconomic position on cognitive development: Does the early home and learning environment modify their effects?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.07.028
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Hertzman, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Power, C;Jefferis, BJMH;Hertzman, C
目的探讨出生体重和社会经济地位对认知的影响是否可以由家庭或学习环境解释或改变。研究设计前瞻性出生队列（n = 13,980）在7岁、11岁和16岁时进行数学测试，33岁时获得资格证书。结果出生体重每增加1公斤，7岁数学Z成绩增加0.23分（根据父母对孩子进步的兴趣调整后为0.19分），成人资格提高0.22分（5分制）。母亲阅读对出生体重低的孩子的数学成绩的影响小于出生体重高的孩子（p < 0.05）。出生体重的影响在7到16岁时保持不变。每增加一个社会阶层（4个类别；IV&V到I&II）， 7岁的数学增长0.19（调整父母兴趣后为0.12）。母亲阅读和父亲兴趣的益处在iv和v班最大（交互作用p < 0.05）。7年时，i、ii班与iv、v班的Z得分差异为0.57；16岁时1.12。家庭和学校因素对评估结果的影响很小。每单位社会阶层的成人资格增加0.40（经父母利益调整后为0.33）。母亲的兴趣降低了那些来自非熟练手工出身的人获得很少资格的机会（p < 0.05）。同样，在母亲的阅读和父亲的兴趣方面也发现了相互作用。结论：家庭的影响在一定程度上解释了社会背景和认知之间的关系，但对出生体重/认知之间的关系解释甚少。
Objective To establish whether effects of birth weight and socioeconomic position on cognition are explained or modified by home or learning environments.Study design Prospective birth cohort (n = 13,980) with math tests at 7, 11, and 16 years of age and qualifications by 33 years of age.Results For 1 kg increase in birth weight, 7-year math Z score increased 0.23 (0.19 adjusted for parental interest in child's progress) and adult qualifications increased 0.22 (on a 5-point scale). Maternal reading benefited math less among lower than higher birth weights (p < .05). The birth weight effect remained unchanged 7 to 16 years of age. For each increment in social class (4 categories; IV&V to I&II), 7-year math increased 0.19 (0.12 adjusted for parental interest). Benefits of mother's reading and father's interest were greatest in classes IV&V (interaction p < .05). The difference in Z scores between classes I&II to IV&V was 0.57 at 7 years; 1.12 at 16 years of age. Estimates were little affected by home and school factors. Adult qualifications increased 0.40 per unit social class (0.33 adjusted for parental interest). Maternal interest reduced the chances of those from unskilled manual origins gaining few qualifications (p < .05). Similarly, interactions were seen for maternal reading and paternal interest.Conclusion Influences in the home partly underlie associations between social background and cognition, but they do little to explain a birth weight/cognition association.