Estimating the burden of disease from water, sanitation, and hygiene at a global level
Estimating the burden of disease from water, sanitation, and hygiene at a global level
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.02110537
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Bartram, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prüss, A;Kay, D;Bartram, J
我们估计了全球水、环境卫生和个人卫生的疾病负担，同时考虑了各种疾病的后果，主要是疟疾。残疾调整生命年（DALY）将死亡和残疾的负担合并为一个单一指数，并允许将水、环境卫生和个人卫生的负担与其他风险因素或疾病的负担进行比较。我们将世界人口分为14个地理区域的典型暴露情景。然后，我们将这些情景与主要从干预研究中获得的相对风险信息进行了匹配。我们估计，水、环境卫生和个人卫生造成的疾病负担占全球所有死亡人数的4.0%，占全球总疾病负担（以丹麦人计）的5.7%，其中包括腹泻病、血吸虫病、沙眼、蛔虫病、鞭虫病和钩虫病。因为我们的这些估计主要基于干预研究，这种负担在很大程度上是可以预防的。其他与水和环境卫生有关的疾病仍有待评估。对水、环境卫生和个人卫生造成的全球疾病负担的这一初步估计提供了一个基本模型，可以进一步完善，用于国家或区域评估。这一重大和可避免的负担表明，这应该是公共卫生政策的优先事项。
We estimated the disease burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene at the global level taking into account various disease outcomes, principally diarrheal diseases. The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) combines the burden from death and disability in a single index and permits the comparison of the burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene with the burden from other risk factors or diseases. We divided the world's population into typical exposure scenarios for 14 geographical regions. We then matched these scenarios with relative risk information obtained mainly from intervention studies. We estimated the disease burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene to be 4.0% of all deaths and 5.7% of the total disease burden (in DALYs) occurring worldwide, taking into account diarrhea] diseases, schistosomiasis, trachoma, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm disease. Because we based these estimates mainly on intervention studies, this burden is largely preventable. Other water- and sanitation-related diseases remain to be evaluated. This preliminary estimation of the global disease burden caused by water, sanitation, and hygiene provides a basic model that could be further refined for national or regional assessments. This significant and avoidable burden suggests that it should be a priority for public health policy.