Blood supply of the retina
Blood supply of the retina
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DOI：
10.1159/000268030
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Funk, RHW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funk, RHW
本文综述了视网膜微循环系统的功能解剖及其调控机制。视网膜微血管系统的特征是毛细血管较薄，与其他微血管床相比，留下了较大的无血管空间。尽管血流速度高，但毛细血管内的血液体积相对较低。这导致高的动静脉pO（2）差和小的耐受低灌注期的能力。此外，从视神经头开始，没有自主血管周围神经支配来控制微血管张力。通过血流（介质，例如O-2、CO2、激素）、星形胶质细胞、神经突和Muller细胞（介质，例如NO、肾上腺素、神经肽）进行控制。最后，周细胞在视网膜血流动力学控制中的作用进行了讨论。
An overview of the functional anatomy of the retinal microcirculatory system and its regulation mechanisms is presented. The retinal microvasculature is characterized by thin capillaries which leave large vessel-free spaces compared to other microvascular beds. Despite high blood flow velocities, the blood now volume within the capillaries is relatively low. This results in a high arteriovenous pO(2) difference and a small capacity to tolerate periods of low perfusion. Furthermore, from the optic nerve head on there is no autonomic perivascular innervation to control the microvascular tone. A control via the bloodstream (mediators, e.g. O-2, CO2, hormones), astrocytes, neurites and Muller cells (mediators, e.g. NO, prostaglandins, neuropeptides) takes over. Finally, the role of pericytes in the control of retinal hemodynamics is discussed.