Comparison of the Biological Basis for Non-HIV Transmission to HIV-Exposed Seronegative Individuals, Disease Non-Progression in HIV Long-Term Non-Progressors and Elite Controllers.
Comparison of the Biological Basis for Non-HIV Transmission to HIV-Exposed Seronegative Individuals, Disease Non-Progression in HIV Long-Term Non-Progressors and Elite Controllers.
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DOI：
10.3390/v15061362
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发表时间：
2023-06-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tyagi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hokello J;Tyagi P;Dimri S;Sharma AL;Tyagi M
HIV 血清阴性暴露者 (HESI) 是多次暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的一小部分人，但没有表现出 HIV 感染的血清学或临床证据。换句话说，他们是一群即使在多次接触艾滋病病毒后仍长期保持未感染状态的人群。另一方面，长期无进展者 (LTNP) 是一群 HIV 感染者（约 5%），他们在不接受联合抗逆转录病毒治疗 (cART) 的情况下仍能在较长时间内保持临床和免疫稳定。与此同时，精英控制者的 HIV 感染者数量要少得多 (0.5%)，他们自发且持久地将病毒血症控制在检测水平以下至少 12 个月，即使使用最灵敏的检测方法，例如在没有 cART 的情况下进行聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)。尽管对于这些人群控制艾滋病毒感染和/或疾病进展的机制尚未达成普遍共识，但普遍认为保护机制是多方面的，包括遗传、免疫以及病毒因素。在这篇综述中，我们分析并比较了这些独特个体群体中控制艾滋病毒的生物学因素。
HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESIs) are a small fraction of persons who are multiply exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but do not exhibit serological or clinical evidence of HIV infection. In other words, they are groups of people maintaining an uninfected status for a long time, even after being exposed to HIV several times. The long-term non-progressors (LTNPs), on the other hand, are a group of HIV-infected individuals (approx. 5%) who remain clinically and immunologically stable for an extended number of years without combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Meanwhile, elite controllers are comprise a much lower number (0.5%) of HIV-infected persons who spontaneously and durably control viremia to below levels of detection for at least 12 months, even when using the most sensitive assays, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the absence of cART. Despite the fact that there is no universal agreement regarding the mechanisms by which these groups of individuals are able to control HIV infection and/or disease progression, there is a general consensus that the mechanisms of protection are multifaceted and include genetic, immunological as well as viral factors. In this review, we analyze and compare the biological factors responsible for the control of HIV in these unique groups of individuals.
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DOI：
10.3390/v10040215
发表时间：
2018-04-23
期刊：
Viruses
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fourcade L;Poudrier J;Roger M
通讯作者：
Roger M
DOI：
10.1086/653677
发表时间：
2010-07-15
期刊：
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Julg B;Pereyra F;Buzón MJ;Piechocka-Trocha A;Clark MJ;Baker BM;Lian J;Miura T;Martinez-Picado J;Addo MM;Walker BD
通讯作者：
Walker BD
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Vázquez-Pérez JA;Ormsby CE;Hernández-Juan R;Torres KJ;Reyes-Terán G
通讯作者：
Reyes-Terán G
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Jin X;Wu H;Smith H
通讯作者：
Smith H
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Khamassi M;Xu L;Rey J;Duchemin M;Bouceba T;Tuffery P;Tudor D;Bomsel M
通讯作者：
Bomsel M