Structural and functional diversity of blood group antigens
Structural and functional diversity of blood group antigens
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DOI：
10.1016/s1246-7820(01)00142-2
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Colin, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cartron, JP;Colin, Y
生物化学和分子遗传学研究表明，血型抗原存在于广泛结构多样性的细胞表面分子上，包括糖蛋白和/或糖脂上的碳水化合物表位，以及通过单次或多次跨膜结构域或通过糖基磷脂酰肌醇键插入膜内的蛋白质上的肽抗原。这些研究还表明，一些血型抗原由几种膜成分组成的复合物携带，这些膜成分可能缺乏或严重缺乏罕见的血型“无效”表型。此外，尽管所有血型抗原在红细胞（RBC）上都是血清学可检测的，但它们中的大多数也在非红细胞组织中表达，这进一步引起了人们对它们在正常和病理条件下的生理功能的质疑。除了它们的结构多样性之外，血型抗原还具有广泛的功能多样性，并且可以示意性地细分为五类：i）转运蛋白和通道; ii）配体、病毒、细菌和寄生虫的受体; iii）粘附分子; iv）酶;和v）结构蛋白。这篇综述的目的是总结这些分子的最新研究结果，特别是说明现有的结构-功能关系。(C)2001年，Elsevier SAS科学与医学版。
Biochemical and molecular genetic studies have revealed that blood group antigens are present on cell surface molecules of wide structural diversity, including carbohydrate epitopes on glycoproteins and/or glycolipids, and peptide antigens on proteins inserted within the membrane via single or multi-pass transmembrane domains, or via glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkages. These studies have also shown that some blood group antigens are carried by complexes consisting of several membrane components which may be lacking or severely deficient in rare blood group 'null' phenotypes. In addition, although all blood group antigens are serologically detectable on red blood cells (RBCs), most of them are also expressed in non-erythroid tissues, raising further questions on their physiological function under normal and pathological conditions. In addition to their structural diversity, blood group antigens also possess wide functional diversity, and can be schematically subdivided into five classes: i) transporters and channels; ii) receptors for ligands, viruses, bacteria and parasites; iii) adhesion molecules; iv) enzymes; and v) structural proteins. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on these molecules, and in particular to illustrate the existing structure-function relationships. (C) 2001 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.