Examining Rapid Onset Drought Development Using the Thermal Infrared–Based Evaporative Stress Index
Examining Rapid Onset Drought Development Using the Thermal Infrared–Based Evaporative Stress Index
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DOI：
10.1175/jhm-d-12-0144.1
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
J. Otkin;Martha C. Anderson;C. Hain;I. Mladenova;J. Basara;M. Svoboda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Otkin;Martha C. Anderson;C. Hain;I. Mladenova;J. Basara;M. Svoboda
可靠的干旱快速发生指标有助于提高干旱预警系统的有效性。在本研究中，利用遥感热红外图像估算蒸散发（ET）的蒸发胁迫指数（ESI）与美国干旱监测（USDM）的干旱分类和基于降水的标准干旱指标进行了比较，分析了近年来美国各地发生的几种快速干旱发展的情况。来自北美区域再分析的气象时间序列分析表明，这些事件的典型特征是温暖的空气温度和低云量异常，通常伴有大风和露点下降，这有助于加速土壤水分储备的蒸发损耗。标准化变化异常描述了不同时间间隔内各种多周ESI复合变化的速率，可以更容易地识别出经历ET快速变化的区域。
AbstractReliable indicators of rapid drought onset can help to improve the effectiveness of drought early warning systems. In this study, the evaporative stress index (ESI), which uses remotely sensed thermal infrared imagery to estimate evapotranspiration (ET), is compared to drought classifications in the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) and standard precipitation-based drought indicators for several cases of rapid drought development that have occurred across the United States in recent years. Analysis of meteorological time series from the North American Regional Reanalysis indicates that these events are typically characterized by warm air temperature and low cloud cover anomalies, often with high winds and dewpoint depressions that serve to hasten evaporative depletion of soil moisture reserves. Standardized change anomalies depicting the rate at which various multiweek ESI composites changed over different time intervals are computed to more easily identify areas experiencing rapid changes in ET. Overal...