Lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments
Lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments
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DOI：
10.1177/104063870902100407
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Reek, Amy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fulton, Robert W.;Blood, K. Shawn;Reek, Amy
这项研究记录了2002年5月至2003年5月期间在俄克拉荷马州的一个饲料场观察到的237例牛呼吸道疾病（BRD）死亡病例。尸检肺样本用于病原体鉴定和组织病理学检查。在研究后期，通过免疫组织化学（IHC）检测了94份皮肤样本（耳切口）中的牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）。牛呼吸道疾病发病率为14.7%，所有原因的死亡率为1.3%，其中一半以上（53.8%）归因于BRD（占所有原因的0.7%）。分离出的病原体如下：溶血性曼氏菌（25.0%）、多杀性巴氏杆菌（24.5%）、睡眠嗜组织菌（10.0%）、化脓隐秘杆菌（35.0%）、沙门氏菌属（35.0%）。(0.5%）和支原体属（Mycoplasma spp.）(71.4%).通过细胞培养回收的病毒为BVDV-1a非致细胞病变（NCP; 2.7%）、BVDV-1a致细胞病变（CP）疫苗株（1.8%）、BVDV-1b NCP（2.7%）、BVDV-2a NCP（3.2%）、BVDV-2b CP（0.5%）和牛疱疹病毒1型（2.3%）。基于del的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测为4.6%的牛呼吸道合胞病毒和10.8%的牛冠状病毒阳性。牛病毒性腹泻病毒IHC检测在5.3%的动物中呈阳性。确定治疗数据的平均值：致死性疾病发作（32.65天）、治疗间隔（29.15天）、抗生素治疗次数（2.65）、不同抗生素的数量（1.89）和死亡日期（61.81天）。病变包括：1）持续时间：急性（21%）、亚急性（15%）、慢性（40.2%），愈合（2.8%），正常（18.1%），自溶肺炎类型：大叶性支气管肺炎（伦敦银行; 27.1%），LBP伴胸膜炎（49.1%），间质性肺炎（5.1%），支气管间质性肺炎（1.4%），脓毒性（0.9%），栓塞灶（0.5%），其他（2.8%），正常（10.3%），自溶（2.8%）; 3）细支气管病变：细支气管炎（39.7%），细支气管坏死闭塞性细支气管炎/细支气管坏死（1.4%）、其他细支气管病变（6.5%）和细支气管病变阴性（25.7%）。药物、病变和动物给药、疾病发作和死亡率数据之间存在统计学显著相关性。根据致死性疾病发作、治疗间隔和死亡日期，本研究中观察到的临床疾病比16-20年前报告的疾病更严重。
This study charted 237 fatal cases of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) observed from May 2002 to May 2003 in a single Oklahoma feed yard. Postmortem lung samples were used for agent identification and histopathology. Late in the study, 94 skin samples (ear notches) were tested for Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Bovine respiratory disease morbidity was 14.7%, and the mortality rate of all causes was 1.3%, with more than half (53.8%) attributed to BRD (0.7% total of all causes). The agents isolated were the following: Mannheimia haemolytica (25.0%), Pasteurella multocida (24.5%), Histophilus somni (10.0%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (35.0%), Salmonella spp. (0.5%), and Mycoplasma spp. (71.4%). Viruses recovered by cell culture were BVDV-la noncytopathic (NCP; 2.7%), BVDV-1a cytopathic (CP) vaccine strain (1.8%), BVDV-1b NCP (2.7%), BVDV-2a NCP (3.2%), BVDV-2b CP (0.5%), and Bovine herpesvirus 1 (2.3%). del-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were 4.6% positive for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and 10.8% positive for Bovine coronavirus. Bovine viral diarrhea virus IHC testing was positive in 5.3% of the animals. The mean values were determined for the treatment data: fatal disease onset (32.65 days), treatment interval (29.15 days), number of antibiotic treatments (2.65), number of different antibiotics (1.89), and day of death (61.81 days). Lesions included the following: 1) duration: acute (21%), subacute (15%), chronic (40.2%), healing (2.8%), normal (18.1%), and autolyzed (2.8%); 2) type of pneumonia: lobar bronchopneumonia (LBP; 27.1%), LBP with pleuritis (49.1%), interstitial pneumonia (5.1%), bronchointerstitial pneumonia (1.4%), septic (0.9%), embolic foci (0.5%), other (2.8%), normal (10.3%), and autolyzed (2.8%); and 3) bronchiolar lesions: bronchiolitis obliterans (39.7%), bronchiolar necrosis (26.6%), bronchiolitis obliterans/bronchiolar necrosis (1.4%), other bronchiolar lesions (6.5%), and bronchiolar lesion negative (25.7%). Statistically significant relationships were present among the agents, lesions, and the animal treatment, disease onset, and mortality data. Clinical illnesses observed in this study were lengthier than those reported 16-20 years ago, based on fatal disease onset, treatment interval, and day of death.