Childhood tuberculosis in North Carolina: a study of the opportunities for intervention in the transmission of tuberculosis to children.
Childhood tuberculosis in North Carolina: a study of the opportunities for intervention in the transmission of tuberculosis to children.
复制标题
北卡罗来纳州的儿童结核病：一项关于干预结核病向儿童传播的机会的研究。
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.76.1.26
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
R. J. Nolan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. J. Nolan
儿童结核病的新病例继续出现。对1977年至1981年发生的此类病例的代表性样本的医疗记录进行了回顾性审查，以了解为什么这种可预防的疾病继续发生在北卡罗莱纳州的儿童中。3%的病例是通过常规筛查发现的；17%是在孩子出现症状后被诊断出来的；接触性筛查后的死亡率为80%。然而，接触者筛查发现的病例中，14%在因结核菌素试验阳性而接受异烟肼预防治疗期间发病；通过接触者筛查发现的病例中，有19%在监测期间发病，但没有接受异烟肼预防，因为他们是已知传染病病例的结核菌素阴性接触者。遵守公认的预防建议应能降低儿童结核病发病率。
New cases of tuberculosis in children continue to appear. A retrospective review of the medical records of a representative sample of such cases occurring from 1977 through 1981 was conducted to gain an understanding of why this preventable disease continues to occur in North Carolina children. Three per cent of cases were detected by routine screening; 17 per cent were diagnosed after the child's symptomatic presentation; and 80 per cent after contact screening. However, 14 per cent of cases detected by contact screening developed disease while receiving isoniazid prophylaxis for a positive tuberculin test; and 19 per cent of cases detected by contact screening developed disease while under surveillance, but not receiving isoniazid prophylaxis, as tuberculin negative contacts of known infectious cases. Adherence to accepted recommendations for prophylaxis should reduce the childhood tuberculosis case rate.