Body weight set-points: Determination and adjustment
Body weight set-points: Determination and adjustment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jn/127.9.1875s
复制
发表时间：
1997-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hirvonen, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keesey, RE;Hirvonen, MD
有人提出，体重，像身体水分和体温，生理调节。就体重而言，能量摄入和消耗的协调调节有助于将个体的体重稳定在特定水平上，并防止其从该水平上移位。肥胖个体也表现出这些行为和代谢的调整，以体重扰动，因此似乎积极抵制努力，以减少他们的体重从他们通常显示的水平升高。在动物中进行的遗传性和饮食诱导型肥胖症的实验研究同样表明，肥胖症是一种在较高的设定点上进行身体能量调节的状况。一个人的设定点调节体重显然是可调的，随着自然发生的，但仍然不明生理变化的寿命转移。在实验上，体重的设定点可以通过操纵特定的下丘脑部位来调整。例如，外侧下丘脑的病变会导致实验室动物调节体重的水平慢性下降。因此，似乎下丘脑机制在设定个体调节体重的水平方面发挥主要作用，并且可能通过这些机制表达遗传、饮食和其他寿命对体重的影响。
It is proposed that body weight, like body water and body temperature, is physiologically regulated. In the case of body weight, coordinated adjustments in both the intake and expenditure of energy serve to stabilize the weights of individuals at a specified level and to resist their displacement from this level. Obese individuals also display these behavioral and metabolic adjustments to weight perturbations and thus appear to actively resist efforts to reduce their weight from the elevated levels they ordinarily display. Experimental studies of genetically transmitted and diet-induced forms of obesity in animals similarly suggest a view of obesity as a condition of body energy regulation at an elevated set-point. An individual's set-point for regulated body weight is apparently adjustable, shifting over a lifespan in conjunction with naturally occurring but still unspecified physiologic changes. Experimentally, the set-point for body weight can be adjusted by manipulation of specific hypothalamic sites. Lesions of the lateral hypothalamus, for example, cause a chronic reduction in the level at which laboratory animals regulate body weight. It thus appears that hypothalamic mechanisms play a primary role in setting the level at which individuals regulate body weight, and it is likely that the genetic, dietary and other lifespan influences on body weight are expressed through these mechanisms.