Empirical estimation of the effect of urban heat advection on the temperature series of De Bilt (The Netherlands)
Empirical estimation of the effect of urban heat advection on the temperature series of De Bilt (The Netherlands)
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城市热平流对 De Bilt 温度序列影响的实证估计（荷兰）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Wessels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Brandsma;G. Können;H. Wessels
通过比较荷兰GCOS De Bilt站1993-2000年的逐时气象观测资料与附近Soesterberg农村站7.5 km的逐时气象观测资料，研究了城市热平流对该站温度时间序列的影响。De Bilt站位于城市和农村地区之间的过渡区（TZ），被乌得勒支、De Bilt和Zeist三个城镇所包围。De Bilt和Soesterberg之间的每小时温差对风向的依赖性已经作为季节、白天和黑夜时间小时和云量的函数进行了研究。在晴朗的夜晚，对风向的强烈依赖是显而易见的，来自城镇的风的影响最大（平均高达1°C）。这种影响的强度随着云量的增加而减小。分析表明，德比尔特测点的风向依赖主要是由城市热平流引起的。用加性统计模型对城市热平流进行了较为详细的研究。由于该站点周围的城市区域在过去的一个世纪中扩大了，城市热平流趋势污染了De Bilt温度序列（1897年至今）的长期趋势。基于目前的工作，我们估计这一效应可能使20世纪De Bilt的年平均气温升高0.10±0.06°C，几乎是当今城市热平流的全部值。由城市热平流引起的0.10±0.06°C的上升相当于上个世纪观测到的约1.0°C的升温的10%左右。版权所有©2003英国皇家气象学会
The influence of urban heat advection on the temperature time series of the Dutch GCOS station De Bilt has been studied empirically by comparing the hourly meteorological observations (1993–2000) with those of the nearby (7.5 km) rural station at Soesterberg. Station De Bilt is in the transition zone (TZ) between the urban and rural area, being surrounded by three towns, Utrecht, De Bilt and Zeist. The dependence of the hourly temperature differences between De Bilt and Soesterberg on wind direction has been examined as a function of season, day‐ and night‐time hours and cloud amount. Strong dependence on wind direction was apparent for clear nights, with the greatest effects (up to 1 °C on average) for wind coming from the towns. The magnitude of the effect decreased with increasing cloudiness. The analysis suggests that most of the structure in the wind direction dependence is caused by urban heat advection to the measuring site in De Bilt. The urban heat advection is studied in more detail with an additive statistical model. Because the urban areas around the site expanded in the past century, urban heat advection trends contaminate the long‐term trends in the temperature series (1897–present) of De Bilt. Based on the present work, we estimate that this effect may have raised the annual mean temperatures of De Bilt by 0.10 ± 0.06 °C during the 20th century, being almost the full value of the present‐day urban heat advection. The 0.10 ± 0.06 °C rise due to urban heat advection corresponds to about 10% of the observed temperature rise of about 1.0 °C in the last century. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society