Results from the first missions of the JEM-EUSO program
Results from the first missions of the JEM-EUSO program
复制标题
JEM-EUSO 计划首次任务的结果
DOI：
10.1051/epjconf/201921005009
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
The JEM-EUSO collaboration
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertaina Mario;The JEM-EUSO collaboration
超高能宇宙线（UHECR）的起源和性质在当代天体粒子物理学中仍然没有解决。要回答这些问题是相当具有挑战性的，因为极低的流量，每平方公里每世纪几个极端的能量，如E > 5 × 10 19 eV。JEM-EUSO方案“极端宇宙空间观测站”的目标是实现一项专门用于对最高能量宇宙射线进行科学研究的空间使命。它的超宽视场望远镜将从太空俯视夜空，探测大气中UHECR产生的空气簇射发射的紫外光子。JEM-EUSO方案包括使用荧光探测器的不同飞行任务，目的是对从空间进行的UHECR观测进行原理验证，并提高空间使命中使用的仪器的技术水平。2013年安装在犹他州望远镜阵列站点的EUSO-TA正在运行。它已经探测到9个UHECR，与Black Rock梅萨的望远镜阵列荧光探测器一致。EUSO-气球于2014年8月在平流层气球上飞行。它测量了森林、湖泊和蒂明斯市的紫外线强度，并通过拍摄激光轨迹证明了对UHECR类事件的观测。EUSO-SPB于4月25日在一个超压气球上发射，飞行了12天。它证明了望远镜所有子系统在气球飞行的典型持续时间内的功能;观察了海洋上的紫外线发射，并有一个自触发系统来观察能量E > 3× 1018 eV的UHECR。TUS是自2016年4月28日以来在轨道上运行的罗蒙诺索夫卫星上的俄罗斯使命，现在被纳入JEMEUSO计划，到目前为止已经在UHECR发射模式下探测到了一些有趣的信号。Mini-EUSO在意大利的整合工作已进入最后阶段，目前正在进行几项性能测试。Mini-EUSO将于2019年安装在国际空间站（ISS）内。总结了迄今为止的主要研究成果，并对未来的空间探测器如K-EUSO和POEMMA进行了前景展望。
The origin and nature of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) remain unsolved in contemporary astroparticle physics. To give an answer to these questions is rather challenging because of the extremely low flux of a few per km2per century at extreme energies such as E > 5 × 1019eV. The objective of the JEM-EUSO program, Extreme Universe Space Observatory, is the realization of a space mission devoted to scientific research of cosmic rays of highest energies. Its super-wide-field telescope will look down from space onto the night sky to detect UV photons emitted from air showers generated by UHECRs in the atmosphere. The JEM-EUSO program includes different missions using fluorescence detectors to make a proof-of-principle of the UHECR observation from space and to raise the technological level of the instrumentation to be employed in a space mission. EUSO-TA, installed at the Telescope Array site in Utah in 2013, is in operation. It has already detected 9 UHECRs in coincidence with Telescope Array fluorescence detector at Black Rock Mesa. EUSO-Balloon flew on board a stratospheric balloon in August 2014. It measured the UV intensity on forests, lakesandthecityofTimminsaswellasprovedtheobservationofUHECR-likeeventsbyshootinglasertracks. EUSO-SPB was launched on board a super pressure balloon on April 25thand flew for 12 days. It proved the functionality of all the subsystems of the telescope on a typical duration of a balloon flight; observed the UV emission on oceans and has a self-trigger system to observe UHECRs with energy E > 3×1018eV. TUS, the Russian mission on board the Lomonosov satellite in orbit since April 28th2016, is now included in the JEMEUSO program and has detected so far in the UHECR trigger-mode a few interesting signals. Mini-EUSO is in its final phase of integration in Italy, where several performance tests are being held. Mini-EUSO will be installed inside the International Space Station (ISS) in 2019. The main results obtained so far by such missions are summarized and put in prospect of future space detectors such as K-EUSO and POEMMA.