Range shifts in butternut, a rare, endangered tree, in response to past climate and modern conditions
Range shifts in butternut, a rare, endangered tree, in response to past climate and modern conditions
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DOI：
10.1111/jbi.14350
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发表时间：
2022-03-28
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Hoban，Sean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schumacher，Emily;Brown，Alissa;Hoban，Sean
AimRange转变是决定物种分布和遗传模式的关键过程。以前的一项调查报告说，胡桃（胡桃）在高纬度地区的遗传多样性较低，假设是末次冰期后范围移动的结果。然而，遗传模式也可能受到现代生态地理条件的影响。因此，我们重新研究了胡桃的遗传模式，增加了北方种群采样，追溯了物种分布模型和化石花粉记录，以阐明冰川作用对胡桃的影响。MethodsUsing 11 microsatellites，we examined range-wide spatial patterns of genetic diversity（allelic richness，heterozygosity，FST）for 1004 previously studied butternut individuals and an additional 757 samples.我们构建了后报物种分布模型，并绘制了化石花粉记录，以评估栖息地的适宜性和证据的物种的存在，在整个空间和time. ResultsContradiction以前的工作，我们发现，遗传多样性增加与距离范围边缘，和以前观察到的纬度倾斜的多样性可能是由于一些离群人群。加拿大新玩法的种群在遗传上与其他种群不同。在末次冰期最大，花粉记录表明，胡桃可能坚持附近的冰川边缘，和后报物种分布模型确定合适的栖息地在美国南部和附近的新斯科舍省。主要conclusionsGenetic patterns在胡桃可能形成的冰川作用和现代环境条件。新玩法的花粉记录和后报物种分布模型结合遗传特异性表明，胡桃可能一直存在于神秘的北方避难所。我们认为，在一个物种范围内进行彻底的采样和评估多条证据线对于了解过去的物种运动至关重要。
AimRange shifts are a key process that determine species distributions and genetic patterns. A previous investigation reported thatJuglans cinerea(butternut) has lower genetic diversity at higher latitudes, hypothesized to be the result of range shifts following the last glacial period. However, genetic patterns can also be impacted by modern ecogeographical conditions. Therefore, we re‐investigate the genetic patterns of butternut with additional northern population sampling, hindcasted species distribution models and fossil pollen records to clarify the impact of glaciation on butternut.LocationEastern North America.TaxonJuglans cinerea(L., Juglandaceae) (butternut).MethodsUsing 11 microsatellites, we examined range‐wide spatial patterns of genetic diversity (allelic richness, heterozygosity, FST) for 1004 previously studied butternut individuals and an additional 757 samples. We constructed hindcast species distribution models and mapped fossil pollen records to evaluate habitat suitability and evidence of species' presence throughout space and time.ResultsContrary to previous work on butternut, we found that genetic diversity increased with distance to range edge, and previously observed latitudinal clines in diversity were likely due to a few outlier populations. Populations in New Brunswick, Canada were genetically distinct from other populations. At the Last Glacial Maximum, pollen records demonstrate butternut likely persisted near the glacial margin, and hindcast species distribution models identified suitable habitat in the southern United States and near Nova Scotia.Main conclusionsGenetic patterns in butternut may be shaped by both glaciation and modern environmental conditions. Pollen records and hindcast species distribution models combined with genetic distinctiveness in New Brunswick suggest that butternut may have persisted in cryptic northern refugia. We suggest that thorough sampling across a species range and evaluating multiple lines of evidence are essential to understanding past species movements.