Spontaneous Gestures Influence Strategy Choices in Problem Solving
Spontaneous Gestures Influence Strategy Choices in Problem Solving
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797611417722
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Kita, Sotaro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alibali, Martha W.;Spencer, Robert C.;Kita, Sotaro
手势只是反映了解决问题的过程，还是它们在解决问题中发挥了作用？我们假设，手势突出并构建了知觉-运动信息，从而使这些信息更有可能用于解决问题。在两个实验中，参与者解决了需要预测齿轮运动的问题，无论是允许手势还是禁止手势。这样的问题可以使用感知-电机策略(模拟齿轮运动)或抽象策略(奇偶策略)正确地解决。允许手势的参与者比禁止手势的参与者更有可能使用知觉-运动策略。无论是大声说话解决问题的参与者(实验1)还是默默解决问题的参与者(实验2)，手势都促进了知觉-运动策略的使用。因此，自发的手势会影响解决问题的策略选择。
Do gestures merely reflect problem-solving processes, or do they play a functional role in problem solving? We hypothesized that gestures highlight and structure perceptual-motor information, and thereby make such information more likely to be used in problem solving. Participants in two experiments solved problems requiring the prediction of gear movement, either with gesture allowed or with gesture prohibited. Such problems can be correctly solved using either a perceptual-motor strategy (simulation of gear movements) or an abstract strategy (the parity strategy). Participants in the gesture-allowed condition were more likely to use perceptual-motor strategies than were participants in the gesture-prohibited condition. Gesture promoted use of perceptual-motor strategies both for participants who talked aloud while solving the problems (Experiment 1) and for participants who solved the problems silently (Experiment 2). Thus, spontaneous gestures influence strategy choices in problem solving.