Impact of low emission zones and local traffic policies on ambient air pollution concentrations
Impact of low emission zones and local traffic policies on ambient air pollution concentrations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.089
复制
发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Hoek, Gerard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boogaard, Hanna;Janssen, Nicole A. H.;Hoek, Gerard
背景：空气污染政策干预措施的有效性评估是稀缺的。本研究调查了在荷兰五个城市实施包括针对重型车辆（卡车）的低排放区（LEZ）在内的地方交通政策之前和之后街道水平的空气污染。在八条街道同时进行了PM10、PM2.5、“煤烟”、NO2、NOx以及PM10和PM2.5的元素组成的测量，政策实施前（2008年）和政策实施后两年（2010年），6个城市背景地点和4个郊区背景地点。四个郊区的位置被选为控制位置占一般的空气污染趋势和天气difference.Results：所有污染物浓度在2010年低于2008年。对于交通相关的污染物，包括“煤烟”和氮氧化物和元素组成（铬，铜，铁）的减少没有显着差异的干预位置和郊区的控制位置。只有PM2.5的减少在城市街道（30%）和城市背景位置（27%）比匹配的郊区控制位置（20%）大得多。在一条城市街道，交通强度降低了50%，“烟尘”、NOx和NO2浓度大幅降低（41，36和25%）比在相应的郊区控制位置（22、14和7%）。除了一条城市街道的交通流量急剧减少外，包括低排放区在内的当地交通政策过于温和，无法显著降低与交通相关的空气污染浓度。(c)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Background: Evaluations of the effectiveness of air pollution policy interventions are scarce. This study investigated air pollution at street level before and after implementation of local traffic policies including low emission zones (LEZ) directed at heavy duty vehicles (trucks) in five Dutch cities.Methods: Measurements of PM10, PM2.5, 'soot', NO2, NOx, and elemental composition of PM10 and PM2.5 were conducted simultaneously at eight streets, six urban background locations and four suburban background locations before (2008) and two years after implementation of the policies (2010). The four suburban locations were selected as control locations to account for generic air pollution trends and weather differences.Results: All pollutant concentrations were lower in 2010 than in 2008. For traffic-related pollutants including 'soot' and NOx and elemental composition (Cr, Cu, Fe) the decrease did not differ significantly between the intervention locations and the suburban control locations. Only for PM2.5 reductions were considerably larger at urban streets (30%) and urban background locations (27%) than at the matching suburban control locations (20%). In one urban street where traffic intensity was reduced with 50%, 'soot', NOx and NO2 concentrations were reduced substantially more (41,36 and 25%) than at the corresponding suburban control location (22, 14 and 7%).Conclusion: With the exception of one urban street where traffic flows were drastically reduced, the local traffic policies including LEZ were too modest to produce significant decreases in traffic-related air pollution concentrations. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.