Living arrangements of the elderly in China: evidence from the CHARLS national baseline.
Living arrangements of the elderly in China: evidence from the CHARLS national baseline.
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DOI：
10.1080/17538963.2015.1102473
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zhao Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lei X;Strauss J;Tian M;Zhao Y
中国生育率的下降引发了人们对老年人赡养问题的担忧，特别是在公共支持不足的情况下。我们利用具有全国代表性的中国健康与退休纵向研究基线调查的丰富信息，描述了中国老年人当前的生活安排模式，并研究了其决定因素及其与代际转移的相关性。我们发现，大约41%的60岁及以上的中国人与成年子女住在一起;与男性成年子女住在一起是强烈的首选。然而，另外34%的人有一个成年子女住在同一个近邻，14%的人住在同一个县;只有5%的人有一个成年子女，他们都不住在同一个县。与此同时，很大一部分老年人（在我们的样本中占45%）独自生活或仅与配偶生活。总体而言，西部省份和农村地区的妇女比相应的同龄人更有可能与成年子女住在一起或住在附近，但不同类型的代际转移在生活安排的不平等分配中发挥了补充作用。在非同住儿童中，居住在附近的儿童更经常探望父母，并通过其他方式进行更多沟通。相比之下，住得较远的儿童更有可能汇款和实物转移，而且汇款数额更大。
Declining fertility in China has raised concerns about elderly support, especially when public support is inadequate. Using rich information from the nationally representative China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study baseline survey, we describe the patterns of current living arrangements of the Chinese elderly and investigate their determinants and correlation with intergenerational transfers. We find that roughly 41% of Chinese aged 60 and over live with an adult child; living with a male adult child being strongly preferred. However another 34% have an adult child living in the same immediate neighborhood and 14% in the same county; only 5% have an adult child with none of them living in the same county. At the same time, a large fraction of the elderly, 45% in our sample, live alone or with only a spouse. In general, women, those from western provinces, and those from rural areas are more likely to live with or close to their adult children than their corresponding counterparts, but different types of intergenerational transfers play a supplementary role in the unequal distribution of living arrangements. Among non-co-resident children, those living close by visit their parents more frequently and have more communications by other means. In contrast, children who live farther away are more likely to send financial and in-kind transfers and send larger amounts.